Ibrahim Jose Noel, Eghnatios Elias, El Roz Ali, Fardoun Taher, Ghssein Ghassan
Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese German University (LGU), Sahel Alma, Lebanon.
Mashrek Medical Diagnosis Center, Tyre, Lebanon.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2019 Jan 31;13(1):11-20. doi: 10.3855/jidc.10729.
The rapid increase in Campylobacter strains resistant to antibiotics represents a major problem for public health. In Lebanon, campylobacteriosis is underdiagnosed since bacteria detection in stool samples is not performed routinely. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, sources and routes of transmission, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter spp. in Lebanon.
Stool samples collected from 1000 Lebanese patients with diarrhea, and 150 meat samples taken from supermarkets and slaughterhouses were subjected to Campylobacter detection. Colonies were identified by Gram staining, oxidase and catalase activities. They were then differentiated at the species level by hippurate test and PCR. Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to antibiotics was studied by the disc diffusion standard method.
Campylobacter spp. were detected in 21.5% of stool samples; the main isolated species being C. jejuni (83.2%) and C. coli (13.9%). The highest Campylobacter infection rates were detected among children (41.8%) and during summer (31.6%). Consumption of contaminated meat and salads, and contact with animals represented the major risk factors for campylobacteriosis, with poultry carcasses and bovine cuts identified as the main bacteria reservoirs. Neither demographic determinants nor season had a major effect on the prevalence of campylobacteriosis. Erythromycin was the most active agent against Campylobacter spp. A multi-resistance rate was observed in 35.9% of isolates.
Campylobacteriosis is a major public health concern in Lebanon. Bacteria detection in stool culture should be performed routinely to allow an early diagnosis and a better monitoring of the disease and its burden.
对抗生素耐药的弯曲杆菌菌株迅速增加是公共卫生的一个主要问题。在黎巴嫩，弯曲杆菌病诊断不足，因为粪便样本中的细菌检测并非常规进行。本研究旨在评估黎巴嫩弯曲杆菌属的患病率、传播来源和途径、危险因素及抗菌药物敏感性模式。
收集1000名黎巴嫩腹泻患者的粪便样本，以及从超市和屠宰场采集的150份肉类样本，进行弯曲杆菌检测。通过革兰氏染色、氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性鉴定菌落。然后通过马尿酸盐试验和聚合酶链反应在种水平上进行区分。采用纸片扩散标准法研究弯曲杆菌属对抗生素的敏感性。
在21.5%的粪便样本中检测到弯曲杆菌属；主要分离菌种为空肠弯曲杆菌（83.2%）和大肠弯曲杆菌（13.9%）。儿童中弯曲杆菌感染率最高（41.8%），夏季感染率也较高（31.6%）。食用受污染的肉类和沙拉以及接触动物是弯曲杆菌病的主要危险因素，家禽 carcasses 和牛肉切块被确定为主要细菌储存源。人口统计学决定因素和季节对弯曲杆菌病的患病率均无重大影响。红霉素是对弯曲杆菌属最有效的药物。在35.9%的分离株中观察到多重耐药率。
弯曲杆菌病是黎巴嫩的一个主要公共卫生问题。应常规进行粪便培养中的细菌检测，以便早期诊断并更好地监测该疾病及其负担。
