Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 7;15(2):e0228817. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228817. eCollection 2020.
Abamectin is a common biocide used to control agricultural insect pests. However, the water insolubility of abamectin may result in extra organic solvent introduced in the environment. To solve this issue, it is desirable to develop nanoformulations to encapsulate abamectin with environment-friendly polymers. In this study, two polylactic acid based abamectin nanoformulations were prepared. The average particle sizes, measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope, were 240 nm and 150 nm, respectively. The insecticidal activity of these nano-formulated abamectin was examined in the laboratory on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The acute toxicity of nano-formulated abamectin on non-target aphid predator Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was also evaluated by topical, residual and oral exposure. The two nano-formulated abamectin had comparable insecticidal effect with commercial abamectin formulation against the pea aphid. Taking median lethal concentration (LC50) as the toxicological endpoint, nanoformulations had higher contact toxicity and lower oral toxicity to first-instar larvae of the predator A. bipunctata. These results are expected to contribute to the application of solvent-free nano-formulated pesticides that comply with the integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.
阿维菌素是一种常见的生物杀灭剂，用于防治农业害虫。然而，阿维菌素的水溶性差可能导致环境中引入额外的有机溶剂。为了解决这个问题，人们希望开发纳米制剂，用环保型聚合物来包裹阿维菌素。本研究制备了两种基于聚乳酸的阿维菌素纳米制剂。通过动态光散射和透射电子显微镜测量，平均粒径分别为 240nm 和 150nm。在实验室中，用豌豆蚜（半翅目：蚜科）对这些纳米制剂的阿维菌素进行了杀虫活性测试。还通过局部、残留和口服接触暴露评估了纳米制剂对非靶标蚜虫天敌异色瓢虫（鞘翅目：瓢虫科）的急性毒性。两种纳米制剂的杀虫效果与商品化阿维菌素制剂相当。以半数致死浓度（LC50）作为毒理学终点，纳米制剂对异色瓢虫初孵幼虫的接触毒性较高，口服毒性较低。这些结果有望促进符合综合虫害管理（IPM）策略的无溶剂纳米制剂农药的应用。
