Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. University of Valencia-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Cells. 2020 Feb 4;9(2):358. doi: 10.3390/cells9020358.
Recent observations related to the structure of the cytoskeleton in neurons and novel cytoskeletal abnormalities involved in the pathophysiology of some neurological diseases are changing our view on the function of the cytoskeletal proteins in the nervous system. These efforts allow a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological diseases and allow us to see beyond our current knowledge for the development of new treatments. The neuronal cytoskeleton can be described as an organelle formed by the three-dimensional lattice of the three main families of filaments: actin filaments, microtubules, and neurofilaments. This organelle organizes well-defined structures within neurons (cell bodies and axons), which allow their proper development and function through life. Here, we will provide an overview of both the basic and novel concepts related to those cytoskeletal proteins, which are emerging as potential targets in the study of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurological disorders.
最近关于神经元细胞骨架结构的观察结果，以及一些神经疾病病理生理学中涉及的新型细胞骨架异常，正在改变我们对细胞骨架蛋白在神经系统中功能的看法。这些努力使我们能够更好地理解神经疾病的分子机制，并使我们能够超越当前的知识，开发新的治疗方法。神经元细胞骨架可以被描述为由三种主要的纤维家族：肌动蛋白纤维、微管和神经丝组成的三维晶格形成的细胞器。这个细胞器在神经元内组织了明确的结构，使它们在整个生命过程中能够正常发育和发挥功能。在这里，我们将概述与这些细胞骨架蛋白相关的基本和新颖概念，这些蛋白正在成为神经障碍病理生理机制研究中的潜在靶点。
