National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani 741251, West Bengal, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 5;17(3):1007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031007.
Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has resulted in a catastrophic increase in the levels of antibiotic resistance in India. Hospitals treat critical bacterial infections and thus can serve as reservoirs of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Hence, this study was conducted to gauge the prevalence patterns of MDR bacteria in hospital wastewater. Water samples collected from 11 hospitals and 4 environmental sources belonging to 5 most-densely populated districts of West Bengal, India were grown on MacConkey and Eosin Methylene Blue agar. A total of 84 (hospital-associated = 70, environmental water sources = 14) isolates were characterized. The predominant species found in water from hospital-associated areas (HAA) were (22.9%), (28.6 %), and (25.7%). Greater than 75% of the HAA isolates were found to be gene negative and colistinresistant. Meropenem non-susceptibility was also high among the HAA isolates at 58.6%, with the presence of the carbapenemase gene and in 67.1% of the non-susceptible isolates. Among the three predominant species, significantly higher numbers of isolates were found to be non-susceptible to meropenem ((80%), -value = 0.00432) and amikacin (AK (90%), -value = 0.00037). This study provides evidence for the presence of high numbers of colistin-resistant and carbapenem-hydrolyzing Proteobacteriain hospital wastewater.
印度对抗生素的滥用导致抗生素耐药性水平灾难性地增加。医院治疗严重的细菌感染，因此可以成为多药耐药 (MDR) 细菌的储库。因此，本研究旨在评估医院废水中 MDR 细菌的流行模式。从印度西孟加拉邦五个人口最密集的地区的 11 家医院和 4 个环境源采集水样，分别在 MacConkey 和 Eosin Methylene Blue 琼脂上生长。共鉴定了 84 株（医院相关=70，环境水源=14）分离株。在医院相关区域（HAA）水样中发现的主要物种为 （22.9%）、 （28.6%）和 （25.7%）。超过 75%的 HAA 分离株被发现 基因阴性和对粘菌素耐药。HAA 分离株对美罗培南的非敏感性也很高，为 58.6%，其中 67.1%的非敏感性分离株存在碳青霉烯酶基因和 。在三种主要物种中，发现更多的 分离株对美罗培南（80%，-值=0.00432）和阿米卡星（AK（90%，-值=0.00037）不敏感。本研究为医院废水中存在大量耐粘菌素和碳青霉烯水解的变形菌提供了证据。
