Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom;
Department of Science, Technology, Engineering and Public Policy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Feb 25;117(8):4034-4042. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1916936117. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
Sustainable development aims for a viable interaction between human and physical nature. However, how do we perceive the social and natural world, rationalize our behavior, and modify our ways of life? Here, we apply the idea of worldviews to cognition and rationality in transport since a transition to sustainable mobility is crucial in dealing with global climate change. We utilize Cultural Theory and the British Social Attitudes survey ( = 1,120) to study how three worldviews-egalitarianism, hierarchy, and individualism-relate to people's attitudes to sustainable mobility. First, we use factor analysis to extract the three worldviews or ways of life in Great Britain. Second, we construct hypotheses concerning the correlations between the worldviews and social attitudes to sustainable mobility. Our statistical analysis of 11 mobility issues in the survey confirms our hypotheses, elucidating the cultural cognition or rationality that underlies people's transport decision-making. Egalitarianism favors demand control, environmental friendliness, and action driven by inner conviction; hierarchy privileges conformity, order, and security; and individualism embraces freedom, speed, and external incentives. The findings show that the worldviews have a systematic and comprehensive impact on how people assess sustainable mobility debates. Moreover, we perform regression analysis to investigate how these cultural styles are associated with British people's sociodemographics and political party identification, which can help identify the characteristics of stakeholders in sustainability planning and engagement. We conclude that the worldviews form the bedrock of individual decisions on sustainable mobility and have a wider significance for holistic sustainability governance.
可持续发展旨在实现人类与自然之间的可持续互动。然而，我们如何感知社会和自然世界、合理化我们的行为以及改变我们的生活方式呢？在这里，我们将世界观的概念应用于交通领域的认知和理性，因为向可持续机动性的转变对于应对全球气候变化至关重要。我们利用文化理论和英国社会态度调查（n=1120）来研究三种世界观——平等主义、等级制度和个人主义——如何与人们对可持续机动性的态度相关联。首先，我们使用因子分析从英国社会中提取出这三种世界观或生活方式。其次，我们构建了关于世界观与可持续机动性的社会态度之间相关性的假设。我们对调查中 11 个交通问题的统计分析证实了我们的假设，阐明了人们交通决策背后的文化认知或理性。平等主义倾向于需求控制、环境友好性和由内在信念驱动的行动；等级制度优先考虑一致性、秩序和安全性；而个人主义则接受自由、速度和外部激励。研究结果表明，世界观对人们评估可持续机动性辩论的方式具有系统和全面的影响。此外，我们进行了回归分析，以研究这些文化风格如何与英国人民的社会人口统计学和政党认同相关联，这有助于识别可持续性规划和参与中的利益相关者的特征。我们得出结论，世界观构成了个人对可持续机动性决策的基础，并且对于整体可持续性治理具有更广泛的意义。
