Departments of Pathology Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
Hum Pathol. 2020 Apr;98:32-55. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.01.004. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
Urinary bladder specimens are frequently encountered in the daily practice of surgical pathologists. The spectrum of pathologic entities encountered in bladder specimens is extraordinarily broad, and in some instances, immunohistochemical stains are used to help characterize challenging bladder lesions. Cost-effective biomarker selection tailored to the differential diagnosis facilitates an accurate diagnosis. This comprehensive review is prepared as a reference guide for the use of immunohistochemistry to categorize primary and secondary bladder neoplasms and to evaluate metastatic cancers for possible bladder origin.
在外科病理学家的日常工作中，经常会遇到膀胱标本。在膀胱标本中遇到的病理实体的范围非常广泛，在某些情况下，免疫组织化学染色被用于帮助确定具有挑战性的膀胱病变。针对鉴别诊断选择具有成本效益的生物标志物有助于做出准确的诊断。本综述旨在作为使用免疫组织化学对原发性和继发性膀胱肿瘤进行分类以及评估可能源自膀胱的转移性癌症的参考指南。
