ITAP (Instituto de las Tecnologías Avanzadas de la Producción), University of Valladolid, School of Industrial Engineering, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
Health and Wellbeing Area, Systems Division, Cartif Foundation, Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 205, 47151 Boecillo, Valladolid, Spain.
Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2020 Jul;190:105359. doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105359. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
In recent years, a remarkable trend in neurorehabilitation is the combination of conventional methods and emerging technologies, such as robotic platforms with virtual reality (VR), Serious Games (SG) and other types of sophisticated graphic interfaces. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence on the user's mental workload of the degree of graphic detail present in this kind of environments, comparing the experience of subjects working with two graphical environments with the same physical load but radically different graphic detail levels.
The same therapy is performed by 52 healthy subjects in two totally different graphic environments, one rich in details and visual stimuli, and its schematic version focusing just in the target graphic elements. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity, related to emotional state, is analyzed through the capture and processing of associated physiological signals. The SAM test is used to assess the subjective perception of the participants in order to establish a relationship with the calculated physiological parameters.
Indexes calculated from the ANS physiological signals show significant differences between the basal state and those corresponding to the performance of the therapies but do not allow discriminating between the effects of performing a therapy based on an environment rich in stimuli and an austere one. In the case of subjective perceptions, based on the results of the SAM test, the subjects perceive significant differences between the basal stage and the therapies, and also between each of the two graphic environments.
Users reflected that a graphic environment rich in detail was more pleasant and attractive than a schematic one. However, this is not reflected in values obtained from their physiological activity, which suggests that more research is needed about the online inference of the emotional state of the subject from the record of his physiological activity.
近年来，神经康复领域的一个显著趋势是将传统方法与新兴技术相结合，例如具有虚拟现实（VR）、严肃游戏（SG）和其他类型复杂图形界面的机器人平台。本研究的目的是评估这种环境中图形细节程度对用户心理工作量的影响，比较在具有相同物理负荷但图形细节水平截然不同的两种图形环境中工作的受试者的体验。
52 名健康受试者在两种完全不同的图形环境中进行相同的治疗，一种环境具有丰富的细节和视觉刺激，另一种环境则仅聚焦于目标图形元素。通过捕获和处理相关生理信号来分析与情绪状态相关的自主神经系统（ANS）活动。使用 SAM 测试评估参与者的主观感知，以建立与计算生理参数的关系。
从 ANS 生理信号计算得出的指标在基础状态和对应治疗的状态之间存在显著差异，但无法区分基于丰富刺激环境和简单环境进行治疗的效果。在主观感知方面，基于 SAM 测试的结果，受试者在基础阶段和治疗之间以及在两个图形环境之间都感知到显著差异。
用户反映，细节丰富的图形环境比简单的图形环境更令人愉悦和吸引人。然而，这并没有反映在他们生理活动的数值中，这表明需要对从记录的生理活动中在线推断受试者的情绪状态进行更多研究。
