National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry, Govt. College University, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Nov;28(42):58994-59002. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07865-7. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
The extensive release of heavy metals into the natural water bodies has become globally prevalent from past few decades. Heavy metal toxicity is becoming a serious threat to human and the environment. Due to their prolonged half-life, potential accumulation in different parts of body, and non-biodegradability, metal ions are being obvious entities that can cause several hazardous health risks. A number of methods have been developed for the detection of heavy/toxic metals based on sensors. Among the various new technologies, chemical and optical nano sensors are emerging technology to detect toxic heavy metals. Several nano sensors have been developed using nano materials, synthesized from green or chemical methods. The nano sensors are convenient to prepare and provide enhanced limit of detection, limit of quantification, and onsite detection. This review covers the recent work reported from 2013 to 2019 for the detection of heavy metals using sensors based on nano materials synthesized by different routes. Graphical abstract.
重金属大量释放到自然水体中已成为过去几十年全球普遍存在的现象。重金属毒性对人类和环境构成了严重威胁。由于其半衰期长、可能在体内不同部位积累以及不可生物降解性，金属离子是明显的有害物质，会导致多种危险的健康风险。已经开发了许多基于传感器的检测重金属/有毒金属的方法。在各种新技术中，化学和光学纳米传感器是新兴的检测有毒重金属的技术。已经使用纳米材料开发了几种纳米传感器，这些纳米材料是通过绿色或化学方法合成的。纳米传感器易于制备，并提供了增强的检测限、定量限和现场检测。本综述涵盖了 2013 年至 2019 年期间基于通过不同途径合成的纳米材料的传感器检测重金属的最新工作。
