Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1224:1-20. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-35723-8_1.
Neutrophils are the first responders to inflammation, infection, and injury. As one of the most abundant leukocytes in the immune system, neutrophils play an essential role in cancer progression, through multiple mechanisms, including promoting angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and cancer metastasis. Recent studies demonstrating elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios suggest neutrophil as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for disease status in cancer. This chapter will discuss the phenotypic and functional changes in the neutrophil in the tumor microenvironment, the underlying mechanism(s) of neutrophil facilitated cancer metastasis, and clinical potential of neutrophils as a prognostic/diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.
中性粒细胞是炎症、感染和损伤的第一反应者。作为免疫系统中最丰富的白细胞之一，中性粒细胞通过多种机制在癌症进展中发挥重要作用，包括促进血管生成、免疫抑制和癌症转移。最近的研究表明，升高的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值表明中性粒细胞可能是癌症疾病状态的潜在治疗靶点和生物标志物。本章将讨论肿瘤微环境中中性粒细胞的表型和功能变化、中性粒细胞促进癌症转移的潜在机制以及中性粒细胞作为预后/诊断标志物和治疗靶点的临床潜力。
