Vanajan Anushiya, Bültmann Ute, Henkens Kène
Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Age Ageing. 2020 Apr 27;49(3):403-410. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afz180.
older workers experiencing chronic health conditions (CHCs) are more likely to retire early. The different pathways through which CHCs stimulate retirement preferences, however, remain largely unexplored.
we present a more comprehensive model in which we test the different pathways through which four specific CHCs-arthritis, cardiovascular disease, sleep disorders and psychological disorders-influence early retirement preferences. We hypothesize that the association between CHCs and early retirement preferences is differentially mediated by subjective life expectancy (SLE), perceived health-related work limitations (HRWL) and vitality.
we collected data from 5,696 wage-employed older workers (60 to 64 years) in the Netherlands in 2015. Regression models were estimated to examine the associations between CHCs and early retirement preferences. Mediation analysis with the Karlson, Holm and Breen method was used to examine potential mediation pathways.
SLE, HRWL and vitality mediated the association between CHCs and older workers' early retirement preferences. The dominant mediator differed depending on the CHC. Severe HRWL predominantly guided the retirement preferences of older workers with arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Lower vitality mainly mediated retirement preferences of older workers with sleep and psychological disorders. Lower SLE was a significant mediation pathway for older workers with cardiovascular diseases.
HRWL and vitality play a major role in determining retirement preferences of older workers experiencing CHCs. Since both mediators are modifiable, targeted interventions may not only extend older workers' working lives, but also improve the quality of their working lives.
患有慢性健康状况（CHC）的老年工人更有可能提前退休。然而，CHC促使提前退休偏好的不同途径在很大程度上仍未得到探索。
我们提出一个更全面的模型，在其中测试四种特定的CHC——关节炎、心血管疾病、睡眠障碍和心理障碍——影响提前退休偏好的不同途径。我们假设CHC与提前退休偏好之间的关联由主观预期寿命（SLE）、感知到的与健康相关的工作限制（HRWL）和活力进行差异化介导。
我们于2015年从荷兰5696名受雇的老年工人（60至64岁）中收集了数据。估计回归模型以检验CHC与提前退休偏好之间的关联。使用卡尔森、霍尔姆和布林方法进行中介分析，以检验潜在的中介途径。
SLE、HRWL和活力介导了CHC与老年工人提前退休偏好之间的关联。主导中介因CHC的不同而有所差异。严重的HRWL主要引导患有关节炎和心血管疾病的老年工人的退休偏好。较低的活力主要介导患有睡眠和心理障碍的老年工人的退休偏好。较低的SLE是患有心血管疾病的老年工人的一条重要中介途径。
HRWL和活力在决定患有CHC的老年工人的退休偏好方面起主要作用。由于这两种中介因素都是可以改变的，有针对性的干预措施不仅可能延长老年工人的工作寿命，还可能改善他们的工作生活质量。
