Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria (CREA) - Centro di ricerca Zootecnia e Acquacoltura (Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture), Via Salaria 31, I-00015Monterotondo, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, I-40127Bologna, Italy.
Animal. 2020 Jul;14(7):1342-1350. doi: 10.1017/S1751731120000099. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
The widespread use of genome-wide association studies resulted in the discovery of genomic regions associated with fatty acid (FA) composition in different porcine tissues, but little information exists about the genes involved in FA composition of meat obtained from heavy pigs selected for the production of Italian dry-cured hams. To this objective, we genotyped with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel 795 Italian Large White heavy pigs to identify the markers and genomic regions associated with Semimembranosus muscle FA profile. Heritability estimates for intramuscular fat FA profile were of low-to-moderate magnitude, suggesting that these traits may be improved with genomic selection. On the whole, 45 SNPs were significantly associated with 14 FAs, and 4 of them (ALGA008109, ALGA0081097, CASI0010164 and SIRI0000267) were associated with more than 1 FA. The palmitoleic : palmitic and oleic : stearic ratios displayed the highest number of significant markers and the most significant associations (Bonferroni adjusted P < 5.00E-07). Of particular interest, the palmitoleic : palmitic ratio was strongly associated with markers located at 111 to 114 Mb on chromosome 14, in the same chromosomal region where Stearoyl-CoA desaturase Δ9 (SCD) gene is located. Several significant chromosomal regions were found; some of them harbour key genes playing pivotal roles in FA desaturation and elongation, such as SCD and some members of the Elongation of Very Long-Chain FA (ELOVL) gene family. The results suggest that the identification of causal mutations in these regions may provide a set of markers useful for selection schemes aimed at improving FA composition in pork products.
全基因组关联研究的广泛应用导致了不同猪组织中与脂肪酸 (FA) 组成相关的基因组区域的发现，但关于为生产意大利干腌火腿而选择的重型猪的肉中 FA 组成所涉及的基因的信息很少。 为此，我们使用单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 面板对 795 头意大利大白重型猪进行了基因分型，以鉴定与半膜肌 FA 谱相关的标记和基因组区域。 肌肉内脂肪 FA 谱的遗传力估计值为低至中等水平，表明这些性状可以通过基因组选择得到改善。 总的来说，45 个 SNP 与 14 种 FA 显著相关，其中 4 个 SNP（ALGA008109、ALGA0081097、CASI0010164 和 SIRI0000267）与超过 1 种 FA 相关。 棕榈油酸：棕榈酸和油酸：硬脂酸的比例显示出最多的显著标记和最显著的关联（Bonferroni 调整 P < 5.00E-07）。 特别有趣的是，棕榈油酸：棕榈酸的比例与位于第 14 号染色体 111 至 114 Mb 处的标记强烈相关，该染色体区域与硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶 Δ9 (SCD) 基因的位置相同。 发现了几个显著的染色体区域； 其中一些区域包含在 FA 去饱和和延长中起关键作用的关键基因，例如 SCD 和伸长非常长链脂肪酸 (ELOVL) 基因家族的一些成员。 结果表明，这些区域中因果突变的鉴定可能为改善猪肉产品中 FA 组成的选择计划提供一组有用的标记。
