Flueck Joelle Leonie
Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Institute of Sports Medicine, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Front Nutr. 2020 Jan 22;7:1. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00001. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this study was to retrospectively interpret body composition in various wheelchair athletes. In total, 69 athletes (mean ± standard deviation; age 33 ± 11 years; body mass 65.1 ± 14.8 kg; height 169.9 ± 14.9 cm and time since injury 19 ± 11 years) from different national teams in wheelchair sports underwent a dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement during the yearly medical check-up. The data showed a significant difference between total fat and total fat-free mass between male (fat mass: 15.1 ± 7.6 kg; fat-free mass: 51.8 ± 9.3 kg) and female (fat mass: 19.4 ± 7.8 kg; fat-free mass: 36.8 ± 7.6 kg) athletes ( = 0.032, < 0.001). In contrast, no significant difference ( = 0.16, = 0.07) in fat and fat-free mass between paraplegic, tetraplegic and non-SCI athletes was found. Comparing different sports, the lowest fat mass was found in paracycling athletes whereas curling game players showed the highest total fat mass. Basketball game players showed the highest fat-free mass (fat-free mass: 54.8 ± 10.1 kg). In tetraplegic athletes, difference in fat-free mass between left and right arms correlated with the upper extremity motor score. For the interpretation of the data it seems to be crucial, that many different parameters (i.e., gender, motor level of the injury) are taken into consideration in wheelchair athletes.
本研究的目的是回顾性分析各类轮椅运动员的身体成分。共有来自不同国家队的69名轮椅运动员（均值±标准差；年龄33±11岁；体重65.1±14.8千克；身高169.9±14.9厘米；受伤时间19±11年）在年度体检期间接受了双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量。数据显示，男性（脂肪量：15.1±7.6千克；去脂体重：51.8±9.3千克）和女性（脂肪量：19.4±7.8千克；去脂体重：36.8±7.6千克）运动员的总脂肪量和总去脂体重存在显著差异（P = 0.032，P<0.001）。相比之下，截瘫、四肢瘫和非脊髓损伤运动员的脂肪量和去脂体重无显著差异（P = 0.16，P = 0.07）。比较不同运动项目，发现场地自行车运动员的脂肪量最低，而冰壶运动员的总脂肪量最高。篮球运动员的去脂体重最高（去脂体重：54.8±10.1千克）。在四肢瘫运动员中，左右臂去脂体重的差异与上肢运动评分相关。对于数据的解读，在轮椅运动员中考虑许多不同参数（即性别、损伤的运动水平）似乎至关重要。
