Miyahara Kimiko, Wang Da-Hong, Mori Keiko, Takahashi Kayo, Miyatake Nobuyuki, Wang Bing-Ling, Takigawa Tomoko, Takaki Jiro, Ogino Keiki
Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
J Bone Miner Metab. 2008;26(1):101-6. doi: 10.1007/s00774-007-0789-1. Epub 2008 Jan 10.
The present study carried out a measurement of body composition and a nutrition survey, targeting 28 male wheelchair athletes and comparing them with 25 male physically able healthy athletes as the controls. The DXA method was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD), percentage of body fat (% body fat), and lean body mass (LBM). Possible factors affecting the BMD of the wheelchair athletes with spinal injuries were analyzed including age, body part, type of sport, area of injury, length of injury, and the length of time it took before restarting sports activity after injury. BMD in the arms, body trunk, legs, and entire body was measured. There were no significant differences in the BMD of the wheelchair athletes by age group (from 20 to 29, from 30 to 39, and 40 years and older), by sports (basketball, track and field, and tennis), and by area of injury (high and low paraplegia). BMD in the legs (r = -0.549, P < 0.01), body trunk (r = -0.414, P < 0.05), and entire body (r = -0.452, P < 0.05) of the wheelchair athletes was negatively correlated with the period since injury; however, no such a relationship was observed in the arms. In addition, the multiple regression analysis for BMD of each body region showed that the earlier the wheelchair athletes restarted sports after injury, the higher values the BMD of legs (r = -0.467, P < 0.05), body trunk (r = -0.469, P < 0.05), and entire body (r = -0.488, P < 0.05), independent of age and sports. The leg BMD of the wheelchair athletes was lower than that of the physically able athletes, with a BMD 76.5% of the controls. The present study suggests that restarting sports activity in a timely manner after treatment and rehabilitation for the injury is useful in preventing loss of BMD in wheelchair athletes and ultimately improving their quality of life.
本研究对28名男性轮椅运动员进行了身体成分测量和营养调查，并将他们与25名身体健全的男性健康运动员作为对照进行比较。采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量骨密度（BMD）、体脂百分比（% body fat）和瘦体重（LBM）。分析了可能影响脊髓损伤轮椅运动员骨密度的因素，包括年龄、身体部位、运动类型、损伤部位、损伤时长以及受伤后重新开始体育活动所需的时间。测量了手臂、躯干、腿部和全身的骨密度。轮椅运动员的骨密度在年龄组（20至29岁、30至39岁和40岁及以上）、运动项目（篮球、田径和网球）以及损伤部位（高位和低位截瘫）方面均无显著差异。轮椅运动员腿部（r = -0.549，P < 0.01）、躯干（r = -0.414，P < 0.05）和全身（r = -0.452，P < 0.05）的骨密度与受伤后的时间呈负相关；然而，在手臂中未观察到这种关系。此外，对每个身体区域骨密度的多元回归分析表明，轮椅运动员受伤后越早重新开始运动，腿部（r = -0.46
