Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Raebareli), Lucknow (U.P.), India.
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2020;17(4):279-291. doi: 10.2174/1567201817666200210122340.
The collection of different bulk materials forms the nanoparticles, where the properties of the nanoparticle are solely different from the individual components before being ensembled. Selfassembled nanoparticles are basically a group of complex functional units that are formed by gathering the individual bulk components of the system. It includes micelles, polymeric nanoparticle, carbon nanotubes, liposomes and niosomes, . This self-assembly has progressively heightened interest to control the final complex structure of the nanoparticle and its associated properties. The main challenge of formulating self-assembled nanoparticle is to improve the delivery system, bioavailability, enhance circulation time, confer molecular targeting, controlled release, protection of the incorporated drug from external environment and also serve as nanocarriers for macromolecules. Ultimately, these self-assembled nanoparticles facilitate to overcome the physiological barriers . Self-assembly is an equilibrium process where both individual and assembled components are subsisting in equilibrium. It is a bottom up approach in which molecules are assembled spontaneously, non-covalently into a stable and welldefined structure. There are different approaches that have been adopted in fabrication of self-assembled nanoparticles by the researchers. The current review is enriched with strategies for nanoparticle selfassembly, associated properties, and its application in therapy.
不同的散装材料形成纳米颗粒，纳米颗粒的性质与组装前的单个成分完全不同。自组装纳米颗粒基本上是由系统的各个体相成分聚集而成的一组复杂的功能单元。它包括胶束、聚合物纳米颗粒、碳纳米管、脂质体和非离子型脂质体等。这种自组装引起了人们越来越大的兴趣，以控制纳米颗粒的最终复杂结构及其相关特性。自组装纳米颗粒的主要挑战是提高输送系统、生物利用度、延长循环时间、赋予分子靶向性、控制释放、保护包裹药物免受外部环境影响，同时也作为大分子的纳米载体。最终，这些自组装纳米颗粒有助于克服生理屏障。自组装是一个平衡过程，其中个体和组装的成分都处于平衡状态。这是一种自下而上的方法，其中分子自发地、非共价地组装成稳定且定义明确的结构。研究人员采用了不同的方法来制备自组装纳米颗粒。本综述丰富了纳米颗粒自组装的策略、相关性质及其在治疗中的应用。
