Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Agneles, California, United States of America.
Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 10;15(2):e0228167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228167. eCollection 2020.
A key challenge in the field of cognitive neuroscience is to identify discriminable cognitive functions, and then map these functions to brain activity. In the current study, we set out to explore the relationships between performance arising from different cognitive tasks thought to tap different domains of cognition, and then to test whether these distinct latent cognitive abilities also are subserved by corresponding "latent" brain substrates. To this end, we tested a large sample of adults under the age of 40 on twelve cognitive tasks as they underwent fMRI scanning. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4-factor model, dissociating tasks into processes corresponding to episodic memory retrieval, reasoning, speed of processing and vocabulary. An analysis of the topographic covariance patterns of the BOLD-response acquired during each task similarity also converged on four neural networks that corresponded to the 4 latent factors. These results suggest that distinct ontologies of cognition are subserved by corresponding distinct neural networks.
认知神经科学领域的一个关键挑战是识别可区分的认知功能，然后将这些功能映射到大脑活动上。在本研究中，我们旨在探索不同认知任务之间的关系，这些任务被认为涉及不同的认知领域，然后测试这些不同的潜在认知能力是否也由相应的“潜在”大脑基质来支持。为此，我们对 40 岁以下的大量成年人进行了 12 项认知任务的测试，同时对他们进行 fMRI 扫描。探索性因素分析揭示了 4 因素模型，将任务分为与情景记忆检索、推理、处理速度和词汇相对应的过程。对每个任务相似性期间获得的 BOLD 反应的地形协方差模式的分析也收敛到与 4 个潜在因素相对应的四个神经网络。这些结果表明，不同的认知本体论由相应的不同神经网络支持。
