College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 May;260:114043. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114043. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
The exposure risk of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) to marine organisms and related food safety have attracted increasing attention, but the actual concentrations of these NPs in seawater and marine organisms are unknown. In this work, single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) was used to quantify the concentrations and size distributions of NPs in different marine mollusks (oysters, mussels, scallops, clams, and ark shells) from an offshore aquaculture farm. Results showed that Ti, Cu, Zn, and Ag bearing NPs were detected in all the five mollusks with the mean sizes at 65.4-70.9, 72.2-89.6, 97.8-108.3, and 42.9-51.0 nm, respectively. The particle concentrations of Ti, Cu, Zn, and Ag bearing NPs in all mollusks (0.88-3.26 × 10 particles/g fresh weight) were much higher than that in the seawater (0.46-0.79 × 10 particles/mL), suggesting bio-accumulation of NPs. For all the five mollusks, Ag bearing NPs had the highest number-based bioconcentration factors (NBCFs) in all the tested NPs due to the smallest mean size of Ag bearing NPs in seawater (30.5 nm). In addition, the clams exhibited the lowest NBCFs of the four NPs than other mollusks. All four NPs were mainly accumulated in the gill and digestive gland, and could transfer to adductor muscle of all mollusks. Although all the four metals (Ti, Cu, Zn, Ag) in mollusks were safe for human consumption by the estimated daily intake (EDI) analysis, the risk of NPs remaining in the mollusks should be further considered when evaluating the toxicity of metals for human health. The findings could improve our understanding on the distribution and health risk of NPs in marine mollusks under offshore aquaculture.
基于金属的纳米粒子（NPs）暴露于海洋生物及其相关食品安全的风险引起了越来越多的关注，但海水中和海洋生物中这些 NPs 的实际浓度尚不清楚。在这项工作中，使用单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱（spICP-MS）定量了来自近海养殖场的五种不同海洋贝类（牡蛎、贻贝、扇贝、蛤蜊和鲍鱼）中 NPs 的浓度和粒径分布。结果表明，在所有五种贝类中均检测到含 Ti、Cu、Zn 和 Ag 的 NPs，其平均粒径分别为 65.4-70.9、72.2-89.6、97.8-108.3 和 42.9-51.0nm。所有贝类中含 Ti、Cu、Zn 和 Ag 的 NPs 的颗粒浓度（0.88-3.26×10 个/新鲜贝类）远高于海水中的浓度（0.46-0.79×10 个/mL），表明 NPs 发生了生物累积。对于所有五种贝类，含 Ag 的 NPs 由于海水中含 Ag 的 NPs 平均粒径最小（30.5nm），具有最高的基于颗粒数的生物浓缩因子（NBCF）。此外，与其他贝类相比，蛤蜊对四种 NPs 的 NBCF 最低。所有四种 NPs 主要积聚在鳃和消化腺中，并可转移到所有贝类的闭壳肌中。尽管通过估计每日摄入量（EDI）分析贝类中所有四种金属（Ti、Cu、Zn、Ag）对人类食用均安全，但在评估金属对人类健康的毒性时，仍应进一步考虑贝类中残留的 NPs 的风险。这些发现可以提高我们对近海养殖中海洋贝类中 NPs 的分布和健康风险的认识。
