Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa, 70, 20018 Donostia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 6;17(3):1022. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031022.
Concern about the increase of cyberbullying underlies this study, which had four objectives: (1) to calculate the prevalence of cyberaggressors; (2) to compare non-cyberaggressors with cyberaggressors in other bullying/cyberbullying roles, in psychopathological symptoms, and in self-image of masculinity/femininity, happiness, and empathy; (3) to analyze whether cyberaggressors consulted with a psychologist more than non-cyberaggressors; and (4) to identify predictor variables of cyberaggression. Participants were 1558 Bolivian students aged 13 to 17 years. Seven evaluation instruments were administered, using a descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional methodology. Results: (1) 32.7% of cyberaggressors (27.4% occasional, 5.3% severe) were found, with a higher percentage of males; (2) compared to non-cyberaggressors, cyberaggressors engaged in more face-to-face bullying behaviors, suffered more face-to-face victimization and cybervictimization, had more psychopathological symptoms (depression, somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, paranoid ideation, psychoticism), higher overall level of psychopathology, had requested psychological assistance in a greater proportion, self-defined with many attributes associated with masculinity, and felt less happiness and less empathy; and (3) being or having been a cybervictim, being or having been an aggressor of face-to-face bullying, low empathetic joy, and a self-image based on attributes associated with masculinity were predictors of cyberaggression. The need for therapeutic intervention with all those involved and the importance of prevention in the school context are discussed.
本研究关注网络欺凌的增加，其目的有四：(1) 计算网络攻击者的发生率；(2) 将非网络攻击者与网络攻击者在其他欺凌/网络欺凌角色、心理病理症状以及男性气质/女性气质、幸福和同理心的自我形象方面进行比较；(3) 分析网络攻击者是否比非网络攻击者更多地咨询心理学家；(4) 确定网络攻击的预测变量。参与者为 1558 名年龄在 13 至 17 岁的玻利维亚学生。采用描述性、比较性、横断面研究方法，使用七种评估工具进行评估。结果：(1) 发现 32.7%（27.4%为偶发性，5.3%为严重）的学生为网络攻击者，其中男性比例较高；(2) 与非网络攻击者相比，网络攻击者更多地参与面对面欺凌行为，遭受更多的面对面和网络欺凌，表现出更多的心理病理症状（抑郁、躯体化、强迫观念、人际关系敏感、焦虑、敌对、偏执观念、精神病态），总体心理病理程度更高，寻求心理援助的比例更高，自我定义具有许多与男性气质相关的特征，且感到幸福感和同理心较低；(3) 成为或曾经是网络受害者、成为或曾经是面对面欺凌的攻击者、共情快乐程度低、基于与男性气质相关的特征的自我形象是网络攻击的预测因素。需要对所有相关人员进行治疗干预，并在学校环境中重视预防。
