针对中国老年人认知障碍风险因素的假设干预：参数 G-公式的应用。
Hypothetical Interventions on Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment among Chinese Older Adults: An Application of the Parametric G-Formula.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Affairs and School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province University, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 6;17(3):1021. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17031021.
The effects of psychosocial and dietary interventions on risk of cognitive impairment is not known. The aim of this study was to estimate the 10-year risks of cognitive impairment under hypothetical interventions of psychosocial factors and dietary intake among Chinese older adults. A sample of 7377 respondents aged 65 and over was drawn from the last four waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2002 to 2011/2012. The parametric g-formula was used to estimate the risk of cognitive impairment under independent hypothetical interventions of social engagement, psychological well-being (PWB), dietary intake, and the joint interventions of their different combination. The observed risk of cognitive impairment was 20.08% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18.81, 21.07). The risk ratios (RR) of cognitive impairment under the hypothetical interventions on higher social engagement, eating fruits at least sometimes, eating vegetables at least sometimes, positive PWB were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.82), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.95), 0.98 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.00) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98, 0.99), respectively. The RR of joint intervention was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.73). Hypothetical interventions on psychosocial factors such as social engagement and PWB, as well as fruits and vegetable intake, were beneficial to protect older adults from cognitive impairment.
心理社会因素和饮食干预对认知障碍风险的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在估计中国老年人在假设的心理社会因素和饮食摄入干预下，10 年内认知障碍的风险。本研究从 2002 年至 2011/2012 年的中国长寿纵向研究的最后四波中抽取了 7377 名 65 岁及以上的受访者。采用参数 g 公式估计在社会参与、心理幸福感（PWB）、饮食摄入的独立假设干预下认知障碍的风险，以及它们不同组合的联合干预下的风险。观察到的认知障碍风险为 20.08%（95%置信区间（CI）：18.81，21.07）。在假设干预下，较高的社会参与度、至少有时吃水果、至少有时吃蔬菜、积极的 PWB 与认知障碍的风险比（RR）分别为 0.72（95%CI：0.65，0.82）、0.93（95%CI：0.89，0.95）、0.98（95%CI：0.89，1.00）和 0.99（95%CI：0.98，0.99）。联合干预的 RR 为 0.64（95%CI：0.58，0.73）。社会参与和 PWB 等心理社会因素以及水果和蔬菜摄入的假设干预有利于保护老年人免受认知障碍的影响。
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