Pazhanivel N, Rajeswar J, Ramprabhu R, Manoharan S, Bala M A, Balachandran C, Kumanan K, Prathaban S, Saahithya R
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli-627 358, India.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli-627 358, India.
Iran J Vet Res. 2019 Fall;20(4):308-312.
Duck rearing is one of the important livelihoods of rural people. Duck plague is one of the diseases causing heavy mortality resulting in economic losses.
An outbreak of duck plague in a farm in Kadavakathi Village near Tenkasi, Tirunelveli Dt., is reported.
FINDINGS/TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Two thousands out of 4500 Chara-Chemballi breed of ducks which were recently purchased from Chenganacherry in Kerala died, with a mortality rate of 44.4%. Clinical signs of inappetence, partial closure of eyelid, conjunctivitis, corneal opacity, oculo-nasal discharge, soiled vent with green white watery diarrhoea, ataxia, incoordination and sudden death were observed. Necropsy examination revealed diphtheritic membrane in the oesophagus, congestion, petechial haemorrhages and multifocal gray white areas on the surface of the liver, epicardial haemorrhages, congested trachea, lung, kidneys, splenomegaly with mottled appearance and enteritis. Microscopical examination revealed presence of eosinophilic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions in the epithelial cells of the intestine and hepatocytes, degeneration and necrosis of enterocytes, dilated crypt epithelial cells with presence of eosinophilic intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions, congestion and lymphoid cell depletion in the spleen, vasculitis, congestion, and haemorrhages in the trachea and lungs, proventriculitis, and congested kidneys. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) also confirmed the duck plague viral infection by the amplification of polymerase gene fragment (446 bp).
Based on the above findings, the Chara-Chemballi duck disease outbreak was diagnosed as duck viral enteritis infection.
养鸭是农村居民的重要生计之一。鸭瘟是导致高死亡率并造成经济损失的疾病之一。
据报道，在蒂鲁内尔维利县坦卡西附近的卡达瓦卡蒂村的一个农场爆发了鸭瘟。
调查结果/治疗及结果：最近从喀拉拉邦的钱纳纳切里购买的4500只查拉 - 切姆巴利品种鸭中有2000只死亡，死亡率为44.4%。观察到食欲不振、眼睑部分闭合、结膜炎、角膜混浊、眼鼻分泌物、肛门被绿白色水样腹泻弄脏、共济失调、不协调和突然死亡等临床症状。尸检显示食管有假膜、肝脏表面充血、瘀点出血和多灶性灰白色区域、心外膜出血、气管、肺、肾充血、脾脏肿大呈斑驳状外观以及肠炎。显微镜检查显示肠道和肝细胞的上皮细胞中有嗜酸性核内和胞质内包涵体、肠细胞变性和坏死、隐窝上皮细胞扩张并伴有嗜酸性核内和胞质内包涵体、脾脏充血和淋巴细胞减少、血管炎、气管和肺充血及出血、腺胃炎以及肾脏充血。聚合酶链反应（PCR）也通过扩增聚合酶基因片段（446 bp）证实了鸭瘟病毒感染。
基于上述发现，查拉 - 切姆巴利鸭病疫情被诊断为鸭病毒性肠炎感染。
