The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China.
J Appl Microbiol. 2020 Aug;129(2):243-255. doi: 10.1111/jam.14610. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
The present study aimed to reveal microbial relationship between shrimp intestine and ambient in higher place shrimp ponds from the aspects of composition and function.
Metagenome and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to compare microbial compositions and functions of water, effluent and shrimp intestine in higher place Litopenaeus vannamei ponds. Although the three groups had similar dominant phyla, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Tenericutes, their bacterial compositions at the genus level were obviously different. Compared to effluent and intestine, the relative abundance of Vibrio as common opportunistic pathogen for shrimp was significantly higher in water. However, cluster analysis showed that intestinal microbial composition was more similar to that of effluent than water. Metagenomic data showed that the predominant microbial functions in the three groups were mostly related to energy production and biosynthesis, while carbohydrate metabolism was relatively enriched in intestinal microbiota. More importantly, Proteobacteria played a critical role in carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids in the three habitats, and Vibrio had the most functions related to bacterial virulence and infection.
Shrimp intestinal microbiota had a close correlation with the ambient microbiota in both structure and function. As the most dominant phylum, Proteobacteria was very important for microbiota communication and nutrient cycling in higher place shrimp ponds. Moreover, due to the pathogenicity, it was necessary to monitor the abundant changes of Vibrio in water to decrease the risk of shrimp disease outbreaks.
These above results may be helpful to comprehensively understand the characteristics and functions of microbiota in higher place shrimp ponds, thereby providing basic information for developing the management strategies of entire microbiota to sustain shrimp health.
本研究旨在从组成和功能方面揭示高位虾池中虾肠与环境之间的微生物关系。
本研究采用宏基因组和 16S rRNA 基因测序技术，比较了高位凡纳滨对虾养殖池塘水、养殖尾水和虾肠中的微生物组成和功能。尽管三组样品具有相似的优势门，如变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门，但在属水平上，它们的细菌组成明显不同。与尾水和肠内容物相比，水中常见的虾类机会致病菌弧菌的相对丰度显著更高。然而，聚类分析表明，肠道微生物组成与尾水相比更类似于环境水。宏基因组数据表明，三组样品中主要的微生物功能主要与能量产生和生物合成有关，而肠道微生物群中碳水化合物代谢相对丰富。更重要的是，在这三种生境中，变形菌在碳代谢和氨基酸生物合成中起关键作用，而弧菌具有与细菌毒力和感染最相关的最多功能。
虾肠微生物群在结构和功能上与环境微生物群密切相关。作为最主要的门，变形菌对高位虾池中微生物群落的交流和养分循环非常重要。此外，由于其致病性，有必要监测水中弧菌的丰度变化，以降低虾病爆发的风险。
这些结果可能有助于全面了解高位虾池中微生物群的特征和功能，从而为开发维持虾类健康的整个微生物群管理策略提供基础信息。
