为什么偏见在医学中很重要：来自匿名在线报告的定性见解。
Why Bias Matters in Medicine: Qualitative Insights from Anonymous, Online Reports.
机构信息
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, IL, USA.
出版信息
J Natl Med Assoc. 2020 Feb;112(1):6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2019.10.004. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
PURPOSE
Bias has been shown to influence the experience and mental health of healthcare professional trainees and faculty in academic medicine. The authors investigated the character and impact of self-reported bias experiences sustained in the academic medical arena that were submitted anonymously online to the website SystemicDisease.com.
METHOD
This qualitative study analyzed 22 narratives submitted online to SystemicDisease.com between September 2015 and March 2017. Both deductive and inductive content analysis was performed, using a combination of a priori axial and open coding.
RESULTS
The most commonly reported biases occurred on the basis of race and/or gender. Multiple submitters indicated this bias had influenced or threatened their intended career trajectory. Healthcare professional trainees also expressed altruistic concerns toward other underrepresented individuals as well as toward patients from disadvantaged backgrounds.
CONCLUSION
Racial and gender bias constitute a considerable barrier for trainees and professionals in academic medicine. Institutional awareness of these impacts can inform interventions designed to foster a more inclusive professional climate.
目的
已有研究表明，偏见会影响学术医学领域中医疗保健专业受训者和教师的体验和心理健康。作者调查了在学术医学领域中自我报告的偏见经历的特征和影响，这些经历是匿名在线提交到 SystemicDisease.com 网站的。
方法
本定性研究分析了 2015 年 9 月至 2017 年 3 月期间在线提交到 SystemicDisease.com 的 22 篇叙述。使用预先确定的轴向和开放式编码相结合的方法，进行了演绎和归纳内容分析。
结果
报告的最常见偏见是基于种族和/或性别。多名提交者表示，这种偏见影响或威胁了他们的职业轨迹。医疗保健专业受训者也对其他代表性不足的个人以及来自弱势背景的患者表示了利他主义的关注。
结论
种族和性别偏见是学术医学领域中受训者和专业人员的一个重大障碍。机构对这些影响的认识可以为促进更具包容性的专业氛围的干预措施提供信息。
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