Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; Carbon Cycle Research Center, National Taiwan University, No. 71, Fang-Lan Road, Taipei City 10672, Taiwan.
Department of Environmental Engineering, The University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 10;716:136998. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136998. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
Green chemistry principles (GCP) are comprehensively deployed in industrial management, governmental policy, educational practice, and technology development around the world. Circular economy always aims to balance the economic growth, resource sustainability, and environmental protection. This article offers a highlight on issues of significance within GCP and circular economy, and proposes the integrated strategies for GCP implementation from the aspects of governance, industry and education. At first, we developed a new categorizing system for GCP dividing to (i) pollution and accident prevention, (ii) safety and resource sustainability, and (iii) energy and resource sustainability. To assess the GCP practice towards the circular economy, the implementation of international movement of GCP in worldwide policy, especially those of Canada, China, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, Taiwan, United States and United Kingdom were reviewed. The policy implementation of GCP practices among governance, industries and education was analyzed. To integrate GCP into the circular economy concept, we also proposed five strategies of priority governance direction as follows: (i) establishment of cross-departmental collaboration, (ii) development of cleaner production and green product, (iii) provision of integrated chemical management system, (iv) implementation of green chemistry education program, and (v) construction of a business model. Finally, we discussed the prospects of disciplinary elements including the establishment of redesign-reduction-recovery-recycle-reuse (5R) practices for wastes reclamation, deployment of water-energy-food nexus with GCP to improve the food security and resource sustainability, and implementation of GCP in the green smart industrial park.
绿色化学原则（GCP）在全球范围内的工业管理、政府政策、教育实践和技术发展中得到了全面应用。循环经济始终旨在平衡经济增长、资源可持续性和环境保护。本文重点介绍了 GCP 和循环经济中的重要问题，并从治理、工业和教育等方面提出了实施 GCP 的综合策略。首先，我们开发了一个新的 GCP 分类系统，将其分为(i) 污染和事故预防、(ii) 安全和资源可持续性、以及(iii) 能源和资源可持续性。为了评估 GCP 对循环经济的实施情况，我们回顾了全球政策中 GCP 国际运动的实施情况，特别是加拿大、中国、德国、日本、韩国、瑞典、中国台湾、美国和英国的政策。分析了治理、工业和教育领域 GCP 实践的政策实施情况。为了将 GCP 纳入循环经济概念，我们还提出了五个优先治理方向的策略，包括：(i) 建立跨部门合作、(ii) 发展清洁生产和绿色产品、(iii) 提供综合化学管理系统、(iv) 实施绿色化学教育计划、以及(v) 构建商业模式。最后，我们讨论了建立包括废物回收再利用的再设计-减少-回收-再利用-再利用（5R）实践、将 GCP 与水-能源-食品网结合以提高粮食安全和资源可持续性，以及在绿色智能工业园区实施 GCP 等学科要素的前景。
