School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, 99 Mhu 18, Paholyothin road, Khong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Feb 8;12(2):108. doi: 10.3390/toxins12020108.
Durian peel (DP) is an agricultural waste that is widely used in dyes and for organic and inorganic pollutant adsorption. In this study, durian peel was acid-treated to enhance its mycotoxin adsorption efficacy. The acid-treated durian peel (ATDP) was assessed for simultaneous adsorption of aflatoxin B (AFB), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B (FB). The structure of the ATDP was also characterized by SEM-EDS, FT-IR, a zetasizer, and a surface-area analyzer. The results indicated that ATDP exhibited the highest mycotoxin adsorption towards AFB (98.4%), ZEA (98.4%), and OTA (97.3%), followed by FB (86.1%) and DON (2.0%). The pH significantly affected OTA and FB adsorption, whereas AFB and ZEA adsorption was not affected. Toxin adsorption by ATDP was dose-dependent and increased exponentially as the ATDP dosage increased. The maximum adsorption capacity (Q), determined at pH 3 and pH 7, was 40.7 and 41.6 mmol kg for AFB, 15.4 and 17.3 mmol kg for ZEA, 46.6 and 0.6 mmol kg for OTA, and 28.9 and 0.1 mmol kg for FB, respectively. Interestingly, ATDP reduced the bioaccessibility of these mycotoxins after gastrointestinal digestion using an in vitro validated, static model. The ATDP showed a more porous structure, with a larger surface area and a surface charge modification. These structural changes following acid treatment may explain the higher efficacy of ATDP in adsorbing mycotoxins. Hence, ATDP can be considered as a promising waste material for mycotoxin biosorption.
榴莲皮（DP）是一种农业废弃物，广泛应用于染料和有机及无机污染物的吸附。本研究采用酸处理榴莲皮（ATDP）以提高其对真菌毒素的吸附效果。采用同步吸附法评估 ATDP 对黄曲霉毒素 B（AFB）、赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和伏马菌素 B（FB）的吸附效果。还采用 SEM-EDS、FT-IR、纳米粒度及 Zeta 电位分析仪对 ATDP 的结构进行了表征。结果表明，ATDP 对 AFB（98.4%）、ZEA（98.4%）和 OTA（97.3%）的吸附效果最佳，其次是 FB（86.1%）和 DON（2.0%）。pH 值显著影响 OTA 和 FB 的吸附，而 AFB 和 ZEA 的吸附不受影响。毒素吸附量随 ATDP 剂量的增加呈剂量依赖性增加，呈指数增长。在 pH 3 和 pH 7 下，最大吸附容量（Q）分别为 40.7 和 41.6 mmol kg 用于 AFB、15.4 和 17.3 mmol kg 用于 ZEA、46.6 和 0.6 mmol kg 用于 OTA 以及 28.9 和 0.1 mmol kg 用于 FB。有趣的是，采用经体外验证的静态模型，ATDP 可降低这些真菌毒素在胃肠道消化后的生物可利用性。酸处理后 ATDP 呈现更具多孔结构，比表面积更大，表面电荷发生改性。这些结构变化可能解释了 ATDP 在吸附真菌毒素方面的更高功效。因此，ATDP 可以被认为是一种很有前途的真菌毒素生物吸附用废弃材料。
