Vázquez-Durán Alma, Nava-Ramírez María de Jesús, Téllez-Isaías Guillermo, Méndez-Albores Abraham
Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas, y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 May 16;9:897302. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.897302. eCollection 2022.
Aflatoxins are the most hazardous fungal-generated secondary metabolites produced by toxigenic species. These toxins are frequently detected in food and feed and impose either acute or chronic effects in humans and animals, causing great public concern. Because of the adverse effects of aflatoxins, many physical, chemical, and biological decontamination approaches have been developed. However, the most commonly used procedure is the addition of adsorbent materials into aflatoxin-contaminated diets to reduce toxin absorption and distribution to blood and target organs. In recent times, sorption technology with agro-waste-based materials has appeared as a promising alternative over conventional binding agents with the benefits of low cost, higher rentability, feasibility, and exceptional efficiencies. This review is mainly focused on discussing the most important agro-waste-based materials able to adsorb aflatoxins such as pomaces, seeds, stems, hulls, peels, leaves, berries, lignins, fibers, weeds, and various horticultural byproducts. Further data of the , and efficacy of these biomaterials to adsorb and then desorb aflatoxins are given. Besides, an overview of the main characterization techniques used to elucidate the most important physical and chemical mechanisms involved in the biosorption is presented. Finally, conclusions and future research necessities are also outlined.
黄曲霉毒素是由产毒菌种产生的最具危害性的真菌次生代谢产物。这些毒素在食品和饲料中经常被检测到，会对人类和动物产生急性或慢性影响，引起了公众的极大关注。由于黄曲霉毒素的不良影响，人们开发了许多物理、化学和生物去污方法。然而，最常用的方法是在受黄曲霉毒素污染的日粮中添加吸附材料，以减少毒素吸收并减少其向血液和靶器官的分布。近年来，以农业废弃物为原料的吸附技术作为一种有前景的替代方法出现，相较于传统的结合剂，它具有成本低、回报率高、可行性强和效率卓越等优点。本综述主要集中讨论能够吸附黄曲霉毒素的最重要的农业废弃物基材料，如果渣、种子、茎、壳、皮、叶、浆果、木质素、纤维、杂草和各种园艺副产品。还给出了这些生物材料吸附和解吸黄曲霉毒素的效率及其他相关数据。此外，还概述了用于阐明生物吸附过程中最重要的物理和化学机制的主要表征技术。最后，也概述了结论和未来的研究需求。
