Forrest W H, Brown B W, Brown C R, Defalque R, Gold M, Gordon H E, James K E, Katz J, Mahler D L, Schroff P, Teutsch G
N Engl J Med. 1977 Mar 31;296(13):712-5. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197703312961303.
In a double-blind, single-dose study, dextroamphetamine combined with morphine was compared with morphine alone to determine the relative efficacy of the combination given intramuscularly for postoperative pain. Each of 450 patients received one treatment of morphine sulfate (3, 6 or 12 mg) with dextroamphetamine (0, 5 or 10 mg). Analgesia, as measured by the patients' subjective responses to questions about relief of pain, was augmented when dextroamphetamine was given with morphine; the combination of dextroamphetamine, 10 mg, with morphine was twice as potent as morphine alone, and the combination with 5 mg was 1 1/2 times as potent as morphine. In simple performance tests, and in measures of side effects, dextroamphetamine generally offset undesirable effects of morphine (sedation and loss of alertness) while increasing analgesia. Effects on blood pressure, pulse and respiratory rate were minimal.
在一项双盲单剂量研究中，将右苯丙胺与吗啡联合用药与单独使用吗啡进行比较，以确定肌肉注射该联合用药对术后疼痛的相对疗效。450名患者每人接受一次硫酸吗啡（3、6或12毫克）与右苯丙胺（0、5或10毫克）的治疗。通过患者对疼痛缓解问题的主观反应来衡量，当右苯丙胺与吗啡合用时镇痛效果增强；10毫克右苯丙胺与吗啡的联合用药效力是单独使用吗啡的两倍，5毫克右苯丙胺与吗啡的联合用药效力是单独使用吗啡的1.5倍。在简单的性能测试和副作用测量中，右苯丙胺通常能抵消吗啡的不良影响（镇静和警觉性丧失），同时增强镇痛效果。对血压、脉搏和呼吸频率的影响最小。
