Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C. 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, Tel.: +(968) 2414-2543, Fax: +(968) 2414-1331.
Rev Environ Health. 2020 Jun 25;35(2):157-171. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0065.
Studies on the assessment of indoor air pollutants in terms of concentration and characterization in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been recently carried out. This review assesses the health effects associated with indoor air pollution exposures in GCC, including other air pollutants (siloxanes, flame retardants, synthetic phenolic antioxidants) which were not explored in a previous study. In addition, the influence of ventilation conditions due to different indoor environments was also investigated. It was revealed that there is a lack of human health assessment studies on most indoor air pollutants in almost all GCC countries, except the United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, where few attempts were made for some specific pollutants. Commonly reported plausible health effects potentially associated with indoor air pollution were related to respiratory symptoms and sick building syndrome (SBS). Many of the current health assessment studies in GCC countries were based on predictions and/or estimates of exposures rather than clinically based observational studies. Measured ventilation levels and indoor air velocities in most buildings failed to meet the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) threshold limits of 8 L/s/p and 0.18-0.25 m/s, respectively. Additionally, limited studies have investigated respiratory symptoms and SBS potentially attributable to poor ventilation in the region. It is highly recommended that future indoor air quality (IAQ) studies in GCC should focus more on epidemiologic and intervention studies.
最近针对海湾合作委员会（GCC）国家室内空气污染物浓度和特征的评估进行了研究。本综述评估了与 GCC 地区室内空气污染暴露相关的健康影响，包括以前的研究中未探讨过的其他空气污染物（硅氧烷、阻燃剂、合成酚类抗氧化剂）。此外，还研究了不同室内环境下通风条件的影响。结果表明，除了阿拉伯联合酋长国、沙特阿拉伯王国和科威特外，几乎所有 GCC 国家对大多数室内空气污染物都缺乏人体健康评估研究，在这些国家中，只有少数尝试针对一些特定污染物进行了研究。通常报道的与室内空气污染相关的潜在合理健康影响与呼吸症状和病态建筑综合征（SBS）有关。GCC 国家的许多当前健康评估研究都是基于暴露的预测和/或估计，而不是基于临床观察研究。大多数建筑物中的测量通风水平和室内空气速度都未能达到美国采暖、制冷与空调工程师学会（ASHRAE）规定的 8 L/s/p 和 0.18-0.25 m/s 的阈值限制。此外，该地区仅有有限的研究调查了可能因通风不良而导致的呼吸症状和 SBS。强烈建议未来在 GCC 进行的室内空气质量（IAQ）研究应更加关注流行病学和干预研究。
