Schmalle Victor, Lorentz Axel
Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Chronobiol Int. 2020 Mar;37(3):301-310. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1726374. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
Life for meta-organisms is based on a strong relationship between gut bacteria and body cells. This review summarizes to what extent the microbiota can influence host circadian rhythms via a literature review on the topic. The results show that microbiota can influence the host's circadian gene expression through direct interactions via immunoreceptors and microbiota-derived metabolites, especially in peripheral tissues. Noteworthy metabolites that are only attributable to the microbiota are short-chain fatty acids and unconjugated bile acids. The microbiota also serves as a mediator for the interplay between the host's diet and circadian rhythmicity. This work furthermore displays that the microbiota is subject to diurnal variations in terms of structure and function and that the host and the host's diet influence these fluctuations. As most of these results originate in mouse models, we hope this work stimulates further research in human derived tissue to verify these conclusions.
元生物体的生命基于肠道细菌与身体细胞之间的紧密关系。本综述通过对该主题的文献回顾，总结了微生物群在多大程度上能够影响宿主的昼夜节律。结果表明，微生物群可通过免疫受体和微生物衍生代谢产物的直接相互作用影响宿主的昼夜节律基因表达，尤其是在周围组织中。仅由微生物群产生的值得注意的代谢产物是短链脂肪酸和未结合胆汁酸。微生物群还充当宿主饮食与昼夜节律之间相互作用的介质。这项研究还表明，微生物群在结构和功能方面存在昼夜变化，并且宿主及其饮食会影响这些波动。由于这些结果大多来自小鼠模型，我们希望这项研究能够激发对人体组织的进一步研究，以验证这些结论。
