Vecerek Vladimir, Kamenik Josef, Voslarova Eva, Volfova Martina, Machovcova Zuzana, Konvalinova Jarmila, Vecerkova Lenka
Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Food Hygiene and Technology and Gastronomy, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Feb 11;10(2):280. doi: 10.3390/ani10020280.
The effect on motor paralysis of a deviation in the stun shot placement from the ideal point on cattle skulls was monitored in 627 bovine animals (271 bulls and 356 cows) stunned with a captive bolt during slaughter in a slaughterhouse. The number of animals that experienced motor paralysis and the necessary fall of the animal in the stunning box were recorded after the stun shot. Subsequently, the position of the stun shot was measured on the skull of the slaughtered cattle in relation to the ideal point on the skull, and at a deviation from the ideal point, the quadrant on the skull in which the bullet was located was determined. The results show that with the increasing distance of the placement of the stun shot from the ideal point on the skull, the incidence of failure to induce motor paralysis in cattle increases significantly ( < 0.01) from 2.4% (within 3 cm of deviation) to 72.2% (at deviations ˃ 7 cm). There was a significant increase in the failure to induce motor paralysis in bulls as well as in cows, but this was more frequent in bulls regardless of the magnitude of the deviation from the ideal point (with the exception of a distance greater than 7 cm where the chances of inducing motor paralysis in bulls and cows are equally low). The incidence of failure to induce motor paralysis in cattle was not dependent on the placement of a stun shot in various quadrants on the skull. With the increasing deviation in any direction from the ideal point, the likelihood of effective stunning of cattle decreases. The results are important from the animal welfare point of view of the slaughter of cattle, and demonstrate the necessity of optimum placement of the stunning shot on the bovine skull in order to achieve the successful motor paralysis of cattle during their stunning at the slaughterhouse.
在一家屠宰场对627头肉牛（271头公牛和356头母牛）进行屠宰时，用栓式击晕枪击晕，监测击晕枪击位置偏离牛颅骨理想点对运动性麻痹的影响。击晕枪击后，记录出现运动性麻痹的动物数量以及动物在击晕箱中所需的摔倒情况。随后，在屠宰牛的颅骨上测量击晕枪的位置与颅骨理想点的关系，并确定偏离理想点时子弹在颅骨上所处的象限。结果表明，随着击晕枪击位置与颅骨理想点距离的增加，牛未能诱导运动性麻痹的发生率从2.4%（偏差在3厘米以内）显著增加（<0.01）至72.2%（偏差>7厘米）。公牛和母牛未能诱导运动性麻痹的情况均显著增加，但无论偏离理想点的幅度如何，公牛中这种情况更为常见（除了距离大于7厘米时，公牛和母牛诱导运动性麻痹的几率同样低）。牛未能诱导运动性麻痹的发生率并不取决于击晕枪在颅骨不同象限的位置。从颅骨理想点向任何方向的偏差增加，牛有效击晕的可能性都会降低。从牛屠宰时的动物福利角度来看，这些结果很重要，并且证明了在牛颅骨上最佳放置击晕枪的必要性，以便在屠宰场击晕牛时成功诱导其运动性麻痹。
