School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSWSydney, Australia.
NSW Health Emergency Management Unit, NSW Health, Australia.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2020 Apr;35(2):189-196. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X20000175. Epub 2020 Feb 14.
The Sydney City-2-Surf (Australia) fun run is the world's largest annual run entered by around 80,000 people. First aid planning at mass-participation running events such as the City-2-Surf is an area in the medical literature that has received little attention. Consequently, first aid planning for these events is based on experience rather than evidence. The models for predicting casualties that currently exist in the literature are either dated or not statistically significant.
The aim of this study was to characterize patterns of injuries linked to geographic location across the course of the City-2-Surf, and to explore relationships of injury types with location and meteorological conditions.
Records for formally treated casualties and meteorological conditions were obtained for the race years 2010-2016 and statistically analyzed to find associations between meteorological conditions, geographic conditions, casualty types, and location.
The most common casualties encountered were heat exhaustion or hyperthermia (39.2%), musculoskeletal (25.4%), and physical exhaustion (10.2%). Associations were found between gradient and the location. Type of casualty incidence with the individual distribution trends of casualty types were quite clear. Clusters of musculoskeletal casualties emerged in the parts of the course with the steepest negative gradients, while a cluster of cardiovascular events was found to occur at the top of the "heartbreak hill," the longest climb of the race. Regression analysis highlighted the linear relationship between the number of heat and physical exhaustion casualties and the apparent temperature (AT) at 12:00pm (R2 = 0.59; P = .044). This linear equation was used to formulate a model to predict these casualties.
The findings of this study demonstrate the relationship between meteorological conditions, geographic conditions, and casualties. This will assist planners of other similar events to determine optimum allocation of resources to anticipated injury and illness burden.
澳大利亚悉尼城市到海滩（City-2-Surf）趣味跑是世界上最大的年度跑步活动，约有 8 万人参加。在城市到海滩这样的大规模参与跑步活动中，急救规划是医学文献中一个关注较少的领域。因此，这些活动的急救规划是基于经验而不是证据。目前文献中存在的预测伤亡人数的模型要么已经过时，要么没有统计学意义。
本研究的目的是描述与比赛路线各地点相关的伤害模式，并探讨伤害类型与地点和气象条件的关系。
获取了 2010-2016 年比赛年的正式治疗伤员记录和气象条件数据，并进行了统计分析，以寻找气象条件、地理条件、伤员类型和位置之间的关联。
最常见的伤员是热衰竭或过热（39.2%）、肌肉骨骼（25.4%）和体力衰竭（10.2%）。发现梯度与位置之间存在关联。与个体伤员类型分布趋势有关的伤员类型也很明显。肌肉骨骼伤员集群出现在比赛路线最陡峭负梯度的部分，而心血管事件集群则出现在比赛中最长的爬坡段——“心碎山”的顶部。回归分析突出了热衰竭和体力衰竭伤员人数与 12 点时的表观温度（AT）之间的线性关系（R2=0.59；P=0.044）。这个线性方程被用来建立一个预测这些伤员的模型。
本研究的结果表明了气象条件、地理条件和伤员之间的关系。这将有助于规划者确定其他类似活动的最佳资源分配，以应对预期的伤害和疾病负担。
