Suzuki Sae, Kobayashi Misato, Murai Atsushi, Tsudzuki Masaoki, Ishikawa Akira
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
J Poult Sci. 2019 Apr 25;56(2):101-111. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0180064.
Excessive fat deposition adversely affects poultry production. In this study, we investigated growth, fat deposition, and hepatic mRNA expression of 13 lipid metabolism-related genes in three unique breeds of meat-type chickens with distinct breed origins and genetic relationships. One was Nagoya (NAG), a native Japanese breed, whereas the others were White Plymouth Rock (WPR) and White Cornish (WC), which have been used worldwide as the parental breeds of common broiler chickens. NAG chickens were phenotypically characterized by slow growth, lean body fat, and high gizzard and liver weights. In contrast, both WC and WPR chickens were characterized by rapid growth but high percentage of subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat weight, resulting from high feed intake. Among the three breeds, WC had the highest percentage of pectoral muscle weight, whereas WPR was the most obese. Among lipid metabolism-related genes, the expression of , and was mostly associated with obesity. These results provide basic information for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis related to growth and fat traits in an F population of the lean NAG breed and the obese WPR breed of meat-type chickens in future.
脂肪过度沉积对家禽生产有不利影响。在本研究中，我们调查了三个具有不同品种起源和遗传关系的独特肉用型鸡品种的生长、脂肪沉积以及13个脂质代谢相关基因的肝脏mRNA表达情况。一个是名古屋鸡（NAG），日本本土品种，另外两个是白普利茅斯洛克鸡（WPR）和白科尼什鸡（WC），它们在全球范围内被用作普通肉鸡的亲本品种。名古屋鸡的表型特征是生长缓慢、体脂少、砂囊和肝脏重量高。相比之下，白科尼什鸡和白普利茅斯洛克鸡的特征是生长迅速，但由于采食量高，皮下脂肪和腹部脂肪重量百分比也高。在这三个品种中，白科尼什鸡的胸肌重量百分比最高，而白普利茅斯洛克鸡最肥胖。在脂质代谢相关基因中，[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]的表达大多与肥胖有关。这些结果为未来在瘦肉型名古屋鸡和肥胖型白普利茅斯洛克鸡肉用型鸡的F群体中进行与生长和脂肪性状相关的数量性状位点（QTL）分析提供了基础信息。
