Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 May;27(13):14771-14779. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08051-5. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Cypermethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, may cause several adverse effects including nephrotoxicity. Curcumin is a nutraceutical with many pharmacological effects including nephroprotective effects. But its effective clinical use is limited due to poor bioavailability, physicochemical instability, low bioactive absorption, quick metabolization, less penetration, and targeting efficacy. To resolve these issues, curcumin is incorporated in chitosan nanoparticles. The focus of the study was to prepare and characterize curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles and evaluate their nephroprotective activity in a cypermethrin induced renal toxicity. The curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by using solvent displacement method and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and FTIR. The prepared formulation was stable and lies within nanometer range (264.8 nm), and possessed high drug loading capacity (84.64%). Cypermethrin (24 mg/kg body weight) and Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg body weight) were orally administered to 20 rabbits (4 groups) for 28 days. It was found that cypermethrin significantly increased the serum levels of creatinine, urea, and BUN and decreased glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase. Co-administration of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles provided pronounced beneficial effects against cypermethrin-induced biochemical alterations and oxidative damage in the kidneys of rabbits. 30 mg/kg body weight of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles have better nephroprotective effects as compared to 15 mg/kg body weight.
氯菊酯是一种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂，可能会引起多种不良反应，包括肾毒性。姜黄素是一种具有多种药理作用的营养保健品，具有肾保护作用。但其临床有效应用受到限制，原因是生物利用度低、物理化学性质不稳定、生物活性吸收率低、代谢快、穿透性差、靶向效率低。为了解决这些问题，将姜黄素包载于壳聚糖纳米粒中。本研究的重点是制备和表征载姜黄素壳聚糖纳米粒，并评价其在氯菊酯诱导的肾毒性中的肾保护活性。采用溶剂挥发法制备载姜黄素壳聚糖纳米粒，通过粒径、Zeta 电位、多分散指数、包封率和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对其进行表征。所制备的制剂稳定，粒径处于纳米范围（264.8nm），且具有较高的载药能力（84.64%）。将氯菊酯（24mg/kg 体重）和载姜黄素壳聚糖纳米粒（15mg/kg 和 30mg/kg 体重）灌胃 20 只兔子（4 组）28 天。结果发现，氯菊酯显著增加了血清肌酐、尿素和 BUN 的水平，降低了谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶和超氧化物歧化酶的水平。载姜黄素壳聚糖纳米粒的共同给药对氯菊酯诱导的兔子肾脏生化改变和氧化损伤具有显著的有益作用。与 15mg/kg 体重相比，30mg/kg 体重的载姜黄素壳聚糖纳米粒具有更好的肾保护作用。
