Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Feb 14;20(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8310-z.
Maternal malnutrition and infant feeding mode impact short and long term infant and child morbidity and mortality. The period of lactation may provide an opportunity to modulate the risk of disease later in life. Our aim was to estimate the effect of maternal body mass index (BMI) and infant feeding mode, particularly breastfeeding practices, on the anthropometric status of children under 2 years in Colombia.
A secondary analysis was performed using the data from ENSIN 2010. Term infants under 2y, singleton, with a mother older than 18y, were included in the analysis. Outcomes were wasting (WLZ < -2SD), overweight (WLZ > +2SD) and stunting (LAZ < -2SD). Predictors were infant feeding (exclusive and predominant BF constructed from 24-h recall, age at introduction of liquids, semisolids and solids) and maternal BMI. Socioeconomic variables, maternal education and age, conditions during pregnancy and birth weight were analyzed as covariates.
Mothers of overweight infants had higher BMI (Mean dif = 1.47 kg/m; 95% CI = 2.1, 0.8) than those with normal weight infants. Stunting and wasting were not predicted by maternal anthropometry or infant feeding mode. Fewer maternal years of education were associated with wasting (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.86, 0.97; p = 0.003) and stunting (OR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.89, 0.94; p < 0.0001), while more maternal years of education were associated with overweight (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.01; p = 0.001); higher birth weight was associated with overweight (OR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.001; p < 0.0001) and lower birth was associated with stunting (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.89; p < 0.0001) in the final regression model.
Maternal BMI is a modifiable target for public health policy to promote healthy infant growth. Infant nutritional status is affected by direct and indirect factors that need to be addressed in further studies.
母体营养不良和婴儿喂养方式会影响婴儿和儿童的短期和长期发病率和死亡率。哺乳期可能提供一个机会来调节以后生活中疾病的风险。我们的目的是估计母体体重指数（BMI）和婴儿喂养方式，特别是母乳喂养方式，对哥伦比亚 2 岁以下儿童的人体测量状况的影响。
使用 ENSIN 2010 的数据进行二次分析。纳入分析的是 2 岁以下、单胎、母亲年龄大于 18 岁的足月婴儿。结局指标为消瘦（WLZ<-2SD）、超重（WLZ>+2SD）和发育迟缓（LAZ<-2SD）。预测指标为婴儿喂养方式（根据 24 小时回顾得出的纯母乳喂养和主要母乳喂养、液体、半固体和固体食物的引入年龄）和母亲 BMI。分析了社会经济变量、母亲教育和年龄、妊娠和分娩期间的情况以及出生体重作为协变量。
超重婴儿的母亲 BMI 较高（平均差值为 1.47kg/m；95%CI 为 2.1，0.8），而体重正常婴儿的母亲 BMI 较低。母亲的人体测量或婴儿喂养方式与消瘦或发育迟缓均无关联。母亲受教育年限较少与消瘦（OR=0.90；95%CI=0.86，0.97；p=0.003）和发育迟缓（OR=0.92；95%CI=0.89，0.94；p<0.0001）相关，而母亲受教育年限较多与超重（OR=1.06；95%CI=1.02，1.01；p=0.001）相关；较高的出生体重与超重（OR=1.001；95%CI=1.00，1.001；p<0.0001）相关，而较低的出生体重与发育迟缓（OR=0.99；95%CI=0.89；p<0.0001）相关。在最终回归模型中。
母亲 BMI 是公共卫生政策的一个可改变的目标，以促进婴儿健康成长。婴儿的营养状况受到直接和间接因素的影响，需要在进一步的研究中解决。
