Diabetes Research Unit Cymru, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.
International Diabetes Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Apr;162:108072. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108072. Epub 2020 Feb 13.
Diabetes and its complications have a significant economic impact on individuals and their families, health systems and national economies.
The direct health expenditure of diabetes was calculated relying on the following inputs: diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes prevalence estimates, United Nations population estimates, World Health Organization health expenditure per capita and ratios of health expenditure for people with diabetes compared to people without diabetes.
The estimated global direct health expenditure on diabetes in 2019 is USD 760 billion and is expected to grow to a projected USD 825 billion by 2030 and USD 845 billion by 2045. There is a wide variation in annual health expenditures on diabetes. The United States of America has the highest estimated expenditure with USD 294.6 billion, followed by China and Brazil, with USD 109.0 billion and USD 52.3 billion, respectively. The age group with the largest annual diabetes-related health expenditure is 60-69 years with USD 177.7 billion, followed by 50-59 years, and 70-79 years with USD 173.0 billion and USD 171.5 billion, respectively. Slightly higher diabetes-related health expenditure is seen in women than in men (USD 382.6 billion vs. USD 377.6 billion, respectively). The same difference is expected to be present in 2030 and 2045.
There were large disparities between high-, middle- and low-income countries with total health expenditures in high-income countries being over 300 times those in low-income countries. The ratio for annual direct health expenditure per person between these groups of countries is more than 38-fold.
糖尿病及其并发症对个人及其家庭、卫生系统和国民经济都有重大的经济影响。
糖尿病的直接卫生支出是根据以下投入来计算的：已确诊和未确诊的糖尿病患病率估计数、联合国人口估计数、世界卫生组织人均卫生支出以及有糖尿病患者和无糖尿病患者的卫生支出比例。
2019 年全球糖尿病直接卫生支出估计为 7600 亿美元，预计到 2030 年将增长到 8250 亿美元，到 2045 年将增长到 8450 亿美元。糖尿病的年卫生支出差异很大。美利坚合众国的支出估计最高，为 2946 亿美元，其次是中国和巴西，分别为 1090 亿美元和 523 亿美元。糖尿病相关卫生支出最大的年龄组是 60-69 岁，为 1777 亿美元，其次是 50-59 岁和 70-79 岁，分别为 1730 亿美元和 1715 亿美元。女性的糖尿病相关卫生支出略高于男性（分别为 3826 亿美元和 3776 亿美元）。这种差异预计在 2030 年和 2045 年也会存在。
高、中、低收入国家之间存在巨大差异，高收入国家的总卫生支出是低收入国家的 300 多倍。这些国家组之间每人每年直接卫生支出的比例超过 38 倍。
