Development Alternatives Incorporation, (DAI), P.O Box 30153-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland.
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;93:359-366. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.003. Epub 2020 Feb 14.
This study aimed at examining the socio-demographic, environmental and behavioural determinants of diarrhoea in children under five years in Kenya.
The study entailed an analysis of secondary data from the Kenya Demographic Health Survey (DHS) 2014 using STATA Corp 2010. A total of 19,889 children <5 years were in the study, out of whom 2,906 had diarrhoea in the last two weeks prior to the survey. Descriptive analysis of independent variables and logistic regression model was used to analyse risk factors associated with diarrhoea in children <5 years.
The most significant risk factors (p < 0.05) associated with diarrhoea morbidity in children <5 years were child age (AOR 2.26 95% CI 1.64, 3.11), low level of caregiver's education (AOR 1.45 95% CI 1.11, 1.90) and unsafe disposal of children's faeces (AOR 1.29 95% CI 1.03, 1.61). Wealthier households (AOR 0.83 95% CI 0.68, 1) were protective for diarrhoea in children <5 years.
Increasing caregiver education, wealthier households and promoting hygienic behaviours in poor households were associated with reducing diarrhoea. Programmes aimed at reducing diarrhoea may achieve better results in targeting caregivers with children in high risk age cohorts of 6-23 months.
本研究旨在探讨肯尼亚五岁以下儿童腹泻的社会人口学、环境和行为决定因素。
本研究利用 STATA Corp 2010 对 2014 年肯尼亚人口与健康调查（DHS）的二次数据进行了分析。共有 19889 名 5 岁以下儿童参与了该研究，其中 2906 名儿童在调查前两周内患有腹泻。采用描述性分析和逻辑回归模型分析与 5 岁以下儿童腹泻相关的风险因素。
与 5 岁以下儿童腹泻发病率最显著相关的风险因素（p<0.05）是儿童年龄（AOR 2.26 95%CI 1.64，3.11）、看护人教育程度较低（AOR 1.45 95%CI 1.11，1.90）和儿童粪便处理不安全（AOR 1.29 95%CI 1.03，1.61）。较富裕的家庭（AOR 0.83 95%CI 0.68，1）对 5 岁以下儿童腹泻具有保护作用。
提高看护人教育水平、增加富裕家庭数量以及促进贫困家庭的卫生行为，均有助于减少腹泻。针对 6-23 个月高风险年龄组儿童的看护人开展旨在减少腹泻的项目，可能会取得更好的效果。
