Elshishiny Fatma, Mamdouh Wael
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC), AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
ACS Omega. 2020 Jan 31;5(5):2133-2147. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02832. eCollection 2020 Feb 11.
Skin burn wounds are a crucial issue that could reduce life quality. Although numerous effective skin products have invaded the biomedical market, most of them still demonstrate some limitations regarding their porosity, swelling and degradation behaviors, antibacterial properties, and cytotoxicity. Thus, the aim of this study is to fabricate novel trilayered asymmetric porous scaffolds that can mimic the natural skin layers. In particular, the fabricated scaffold constitutes an upper electrospun chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) layer and a lower xerogel layer, which is made of effective skin extracellular matrix components. Both layers are fixed together using fibrin glue as a middle layer. The results of this study revealed promising scaffold swelling capability suitable for absorbing wound exudates, followed by a constant degradable weight over time, which is appropriate for a burn wound environment. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed an average pore diameter in the range of 138.39-170.18 nm for the cross-linked electrospun mats and an average pore size of 2.29-30.62 μm for the fabricated xerogel layers. This further provided an optimum environment for fibroblast migration and proliferation. The electrospun nanofibrous layer was examined for its antibacterial properties and showed expressive complete bacterial inhibition against Gram-positive () and Gram-negative () bacterial strains (log reduction = 3 and 2.70, respectively). Next, mouse embryonic fibroblast cytotoxicity and migration rate were investigated against the developed asymmetrical composite to assess its biocompatibility. Tissue culture experiments demonstrated significant cell proliferation and migration in the presence of the constructed scaffold ( < 0.0001). A complete wound closure was observed in vitro in the presence of the three scaffold asymmetrical layers against the mouse embryonic fibroblast. The results of this study proved superior biological characteristics of the innovative asymmetrical composite that could further replace the burned or damaged skin layers with promising potential for clinical applications.
皮肤烧伤创面是一个可能降低生活质量的关键问题。尽管众多有效的皮肤产品已涌入生物医学市场，但它们中的大多数在孔隙率、肿胀和降解行为、抗菌性能以及细胞毒性方面仍存在一些局限性。因此，本研究的目的是制备能够模拟天然皮肤层的新型三层不对称多孔支架。具体而言，所制备的支架由上层的静电纺丝壳聚糖 - 聚乙烯醇层和下层的干凝胶层组成，下层干凝胶层由有效的皮肤细胞外基质成分制成。两层通过作为中间层的纤维蛋白胶固定在一起。本研究结果显示，该支架具有良好的肿胀能力，适合吸收伤口渗出液，随后随着时间推移重量持续降解，这适合烧伤创面环境。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，交联静电纺丝垫的平均孔径在138.39 - 170.18 nm范围内，所制备的干凝胶层的平均孔径为2.29 - 30.62μm。这进一步为成纤维细胞迁移和增殖提供了最佳环境。对静电纺纳米纤维层的抗菌性能进行了检测，结果表明其对革兰氏阳性（）和革兰氏阴性（）细菌菌株具有显著的完全细菌抑制作用（对数减少分别为3和2.70）。接下来，针对所开发的不对称复合材料研究了小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的细胞毒性和迁移率，以评估其生物相容性。组织培养实验表明，在构建的支架存在下细胞有显著的增殖和迁移（<0.0001）。在体外，针对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞，观察到三层支架不对称层存在时伤口完全闭合。本研究结果证明了这种创新的不对称复合材料具有优异的生物学特性，有望进一步替代烧伤或受损的皮肤层，具有良好的临床应用潜力。
