Hassiba Alaa J, El Zowalaty Mohamed E, Webster Thomas J, Abdullah Aboubakr M, Nasrallah Gheyath K, Khalil Khalil Abdelrazek, Luyt Adriaan S, Elzatahry Ahmed A
Materials Science and Technology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 Mar 21;12:2205-2213. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S123417. eCollection 2017.
Herein, novel hybrid nanomaterials were developed for wound dressing applications with antimicrobial properties. Electrospinning was used to fabricate a double layer nanocomposite nanofibrous mat consisting of an upper layer of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan loaded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and a lower layer of polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers loaded with chlorhexidine (as an antiseptic). The top layer containing AgNPs, whose purpose was to protect the wound site against environmental germ invasion, was prepared by reducing silver nitrate to its nanoparticulate form through interaction with chitosan. The lower layer, which would be in direct contact with the injured site, contained the antibiotic drug needed to avoid wound infections which would otherwise interfere with the healing process. Initially, the upper layer was electrospun, followed sequentially by electrospinning the second layer, creating a bilayer nanofibrous mat. The morphology of the nanofibrous mats was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, showing successful nanofiber production. X-ray diffraction confirmed the reduction of silver nitrate to AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a successful incorporation of the material used in the produced nanofibrous mats. Thermal studies carried out by thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the PVP-drug-loaded layer had the highest thermal stability in comparison to other fabricated nanofibrous mats. Antimicrobial activities of the as-synthesized nanofibrous mats against , , , and were determined using disk diffusion method. The results indicated that the PEO-drug-loaded mat had the highest antibacterial activity, warranting further attention for numerous wound-healing applications.
在此，开发了具有抗菌特性的新型杂化纳米材料用于伤口敷料应用。采用静电纺丝法制备了双层纳米复合纳米纤维垫，其上层为负载银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的聚乙烯醇和壳聚糖，下层为负载洗必泰（作为防腐剂）的聚环氧乙烷（PEO）或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）纳米纤维。通过壳聚糖与硝酸银相互作用将硝酸银还原为纳米颗粒形式来制备含有AgNPs的顶层，其目的是保护伤口部位免受环境细菌入侵。与受伤部位直接接触的下层含有避免伤口感染所需的抗生素药物，否则伤口感染会干扰愈合过程。最初，先对上层进行静电纺丝，随后依次对第二层进行静电纺丝，从而形成双层纳米纤维垫。通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究了纳米纤维垫的形态，结果表明成功制备出了纳米纤维。X射线衍射证实了硝酸银被还原为AgNPs。傅里叶变换红外光谱表明所制备的纳米纤维垫中成功掺入了所用材料。通过热重分析进行的热学研究表明，与其他制备的纳米纤维垫相比，负载PVP - 药物的层具有最高的热稳定性。使用纸片扩散法测定了所合成的纳米纤维垫对 、 、 和 的抗菌活性。结果表明，负载PEO - 药物的垫具有最高的抗菌活性，值得在众多伤口愈合应用中进一步关注。
