Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 May 15;717:137161. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137161. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
Potential adverse consequences of exposure to air pollutants during exercise include decreased lung function, and exacerbation of asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. These effects are especially relevant for athletes and during international competitions, as they may impact athletic performance. Thus, assessing and mitigating exposure to air pollutants during exercising should be encouraged in sports venues. A comprehensive air quality assessment was carried out during the World Relays Yokohama 2019, in the stadium and the warm-up track. The pilot included on-line and off-line instrumentation for gaseous and particulate pollutants and meteorological parameters, and the comparison with local reference data. Air quality perception and exacerbation of symptoms of already-diagnosed diseases (mainly respiratory and cardiovascular) were assessed by athletes by means of questionnaires during training sessions. Median NO concentrations inside the stadium (25.6-31.9 μgm) were in the range of the Yokohama urban background, evidencing the impact of urban sources (e.g., traffic) on athletes' exposure during training and competition. The assessment of hourly air pollutant trends was identified as a valuable tool to provide guidance to reduce atheletes' exposure, by identifying the periods of the day with lowest ambient concentrations. This strategy could be adopted to define training and competition schedules, and would have special added value for athletes with respiratory conditions. Personal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was quantified through wearable silicone wristbands, and showed highly variability across volunteers. The wristbands are a simple approach to assess personal exposure to potentially toxic organic compounds. Further research would be necessary with regard to specific air pollutants that may trigger or exacerbate respiratory conditions typical of the athlete community. The availability of high time-resolved exposure data in the stadiums opens up the possibility to calculate doses of specific pollutants for individual athletes in future athletics events, to understand the impact of environmental factors on athletic performance.
在运动过程中接触空气污染物可能会带来潜在的不良后果，包括肺功能下降、哮喘加重和运动性支气管收缩。这些影响在运动员和国际比赛中尤为重要，因为它们可能会影响运动表现。因此，应该鼓励在体育场馆评估和减轻运动时接触空气污染物。在 2019 年横滨世界接力赛期间，对体育场和热身赛道进行了全面的空气质量评估。该试点项目包括在线和离线的气态和颗粒物污染物及气象参数仪器，并与当地参考数据进行了比较。通过训练期间的问卷，运动员评估了空气质量感知和已诊断疾病（主要是呼吸道和心血管疾病）的恶化情况。体育场内的 NO 中位数浓度（25.6-31.9 μg/m3）处于横滨城市背景范围内，表明城市污染源（如交通）对运动员在训练和比赛中的暴露有影响。评估小时空气污染物趋势被确定为提供减少运动员暴露的有用工具，通过确定一天中环境浓度最低的时间段。这种策略可以用来确定训练和比赛日程，对于有呼吸道问题的运动员来说，特别有附加价值。通过佩戴的硅胶腕带定量评估了多环芳烃的个人暴露情况，结果显示志愿者之间的个体暴露差异很大。腕带是评估个人接触潜在有毒有机化合物的简单方法。需要进一步研究可能引发或加重运动员群体特有呼吸道问题的特定空气污染物。体育场内高时间分辨率暴露数据的可用性为未来的田径赛事中为个别运动员计算特定污染物的剂量开辟了可能性，以便了解环境因素对运动表现的影响。
