Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
School of Health and Sport Science, The Eastern Institute of Technology, Napier, New Zealand.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024 Jan;124(1):343-352. doi: 10.1007/s00421-023-05287-0. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
Polluted environments can adversely affect lung function and exercise performance. Evidence suggests that some nutrient supplements may offset pollution's detrimental effects. This study examined the effect of polyphenol supplementation on lung function and exercise performance in an ozone-polluted environment.
Ten male cyclists (mean ± SD: age, 43.8 ± 12.4 years; height, 177.8 ± 7.1 cm; weight, 76.03 ± 7.88 kg; VO 4.12 ± 0.72 L min) initially completed a baseline maximal incremental test and maximal effort 4 km time trial in ambient air. Thereafter cyclists completed two trials in an ozone-polluted environment (0.25 ppm) following seven days of supplementation with either polyphenol (PB) or placebo (PL). Experimental trials consisted of a three-stage submaximal test (50%, 60% and 70% incremental peak power) followed by a 4 km time trial. Lung function was measured pre- and post-exercise via spirometry and adverse respiratory symptoms with a Likert scale.
Ozone exposure significantly reduced (p < 0.05) lung function relative to ambient air. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in measured variables across the three submaximal intensities. There was a small (d = 0.31) non-significant difference (p = 0.09) in 4 km performance in PB (406.43 ± 50.29 s) vs. PL (426.20 ± 75.06 s). Oxygen consumption during the time trial was greater in PB (3.49 ± 0.71 L min) vs PL (3.32 ± 0.71 L min, p = 0.01, d = 0.24). Cough severity (SOC) was lower (p = 0.03) with PB relative to PL.
PB supplementation may provide small benefits to performance and reduce cough symptoms during high-intensity exercise in ozone-polluted environments.
污染的环境可能会对肺功能和运动表现产生不利影响。有证据表明，某些营养补充剂可能会抵消污染的有害影响。本研究旨在探讨多酚补充剂对臭氧污染环境中肺功能和运动表现的影响。
10 名男性自行车运动员（平均±标准差：年龄 43.8±12.4 岁；身高 177.8±7.1cm；体重 76.03±7.88kg；VO4.12±0.72L min）最初在环境空气中完成了基线最大增量测试和最大努力 4km 计时赛。此后，自行车运动员在补充 7 天后，在臭氧污染环境（0.25ppm）中完成了两次试验，分别补充多酚（PB）或安慰剂（PL）。实验试验包括三个阶段的次最大测试（50%、60%和 70%递增峰值功率），然后进行 4km 计时赛。通过肺活量计在运动前后测量肺功能，并使用李克特量表测量呼吸不适症状。
臭氧暴露显著降低了（p<0.05）肺功能相对于环境空气。在三个次最大强度下，测量变量没有显著差异（p>0.05）。在 PB（406.43±50.29s）与 PL（426.20±75.06s）之间，4km 性能的差异较小（d=0.31）且无统计学意义（p=0.09）。在计时赛中，PB 时的耗氧量（3.49±0.71L min）大于 PL（3.32±0.71L min，p=0.01，d=0.24）。与 PL 相比，PB 时咳嗽严重程度（SOC）较低（p=0.03）。
PB 补充剂可能会在臭氧污染环境中高强度运动时提供对运动表现的小益处，并减少咳嗽症状。
