Department of Research and Evaluation, Didi Hirsch Mental Health Services, 323 N. Prairie Ave, Suite 325, Inglewood, CA 90301, USA.
School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 West Foothill Boulevard, Suite 310, Claremont, CA 91711-3475, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Apr 1;209:107883. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107883. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Previous research has demonstrated how negative affect (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress) is often a correlate of and precursor to nicotine dependence. Although recent evidence shows a gradual decline in tobacco use in the United States, subgroups that report higher levels of negative affect may continue to be at risk of becoming dependent on nicotine. One high-risk subgroup is students who attend alternative high schools. The current longitudinal investigation examined the effect of negative affect on nicotine dependence in this youth population.
1060 students from 29 alternative high schools in Southern California completed a series of attitudinal and behavioral measures once per year over a three-year period. The main outcome was nicotine dependence i.e., feeling a strong urge to use nicotine products or experiencing withdrawal symptoms after a period of abstinence, measured using a version of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire designed for adolescents. A latent growth curve model was utilized to examine the effect of negative affect on nicotine dependence during this timeframe.
The analysis revealed that negative affect had both a concurrent and prospective relationship with nicotine dependence. Moreover, the association between negative affect and nicotine dependence in the present was not statistically significant once the influence of negative affect reported one year earlier was accounted for.
Negative affect may play a critical role in the persistence of nicotine dependence among high-risk youth. Providing resources to help manage negative affect may be critical to curtailing nicotine dependence in this population.
先前的研究表明，负性情绪（即抑郁、焦虑、压力）通常与尼古丁依赖相关，且是其前兆。尽管最近的证据表明，美国的烟草使用呈逐渐下降趋势，但报告有较高水平负性情绪的亚组可能仍有依赖尼古丁的风险。一个高风险亚组是就读于替代高中的学生。目前的纵向研究考察了负性情绪对这一年轻人群尼古丁依赖的影响。
南加州 29 所替代高中的 1060 名学生在三年内每年完成一系列态度和行为测量。主要结果是尼古丁依赖，即强烈渴望使用尼古丁产品或在戒断一段时间后出现戒断症状，使用专为青少年设计的 Fagerstrom 耐受性问卷的一个版本进行测量。利用潜在增长曲线模型来考察在此时间段内负性情绪对尼古丁依赖的影响。
分析表明，负性情绪与尼古丁依赖既有同期关系也有前瞻性关系。此外，在考虑到一年前报告的负性情绪的影响后，负性情绪与当前尼古丁依赖之间的关联在统计学上不显著。
负性情绪可能在高危青少年中尼古丁依赖的持续存在中起关键作用。为管理负性情绪提供资源可能对遏制该人群中的尼古丁依赖至关重要。
