Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Eat Behav. 2020 Jan;36:101368. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101368. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
Despite the ever-growing literature on weight-control diets, data about dieting among older adults are scarce.
To describe the prevalence of weight-control dieting across age groups and weight statuses (from healthy-weight to overweight and obese). To identify cross-sectional associations of perceived health and perceived overweight status with dieting among older adults.
Secondary analyses of the second and third waves of the Midlife in the US study (MIDUS). Sample included 2588 participants (40-93 years old, 54.5% females, age = 64.4 ± 11.1 years, BMI = 28.3 ± 5.9 kg/m). Logistic regressions were used to predict dieting across age groups (independent variables: BMI, perceived health, perceived overweight status; covariates: BMI change, education, age, race).
As many as 15% of participants had reported dieting during the previous year. Older age was associated with less dieting among healthy weight (p = .02) and overweight (p < .001) participants, but not among participants with obesity (p = .36). Among participants younger than 75, overweight perception (vs. healthy-weight perception) was linked with higher likelihood for dieting (40-55 years: OR = 3.94[1.70-9.1]; 55-65 years: OR = 4.11[1.91-8.82]; 65-75 years: OR = 4.50[1.90-10.65]). Nevertheless, among participants older than 75, excellent (vs. good/fair/poor) perceived health was linked with higher likelihood of dieting (good vs. excellent: OR = 0.29[0.09-0.87]; fair/poor vs. excellent: OR = 0.12[0.03-0.54]).
Older age is associated with less weight-control dieting among people without obesity. Although overweight perception may have a stronger impact on dieting during younger age, health perception may have a stronger impact on dieting during older age, suggesting that the motivation behind weight-control diets may potentially change throughout the adult lifespan.
尽管有关控制体重饮食的文献不断增加，但有关老年人节食的数据却很少。
描述不同年龄组和体重状况（从健康体重到超重和肥胖）中控制体重饮食的流行程度。确定老年人中感知健康和超重状况与节食之间的横断面关联。
美国中年研究（MIDUS）第二和第三波的二次分析。样本包括 2588 名参与者（40-93 岁，54.5％为女性，年龄= 64.4±11.1 岁，BMI= 28.3±5.9 kg/m）。使用逻辑回归预测各年龄组的节食情况（自变量：BMI、感知健康、感知超重状况；协变量：BMI 变化、教育程度、年龄、种族）。
多达 15％的参与者在过去一年中报告过节食。在健康体重（p=.02）和超重（p<.001）的参与者中，年龄较大与较少节食有关，但在肥胖参与者中（p=.36）并非如此。在年龄小于 75 岁的参与者中，超重感知（与健康体重感知相比）与更高的节食可能性相关（40-55 岁：OR=3.94[1.70-9.1]；55-65 岁：OR=4.11[1.91-8.82]；65-75 岁：OR=4.50[1.90-10.65]）。尽管如此，在年龄大于 75 岁的参与者中，极好（与良好/中等/差相比）的感知健康与更高的节食可能性相关（良好与极好：OR=0.29[0.09-0.87]；中等/差与极好：OR=0.12[0.03-0.54]）。
在没有肥胖的人群中，年龄较大与控制体重的节食行为减少有关。尽管超重感知可能对年轻人群的节食行为有更大的影响，但健康感知可能对老年人群的节食行为有更大的影响，这表明控制体重饮食的动机可能在成年期发生变化。
