Lipsky L M, Nansel T R, Haynie D L, Liu D, Eisenberg M H, Simons-Morton B
Health Behavior Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, North Bethesda, MD, United States.
Health Behavior Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, North Bethesda, MD, United States.
Appetite. 2016 Oct 1;105:385-91. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.06.012. Epub 2016 Jun 11.
Food reward sensitivity may influence susceptibility to overeating in a permissive food environment, contributing to unintended weight gain and intentional weight loss behavior. This study examined associations of food reward sensitivity, assessed by the Power of Food Scale (PFS), with weight outcomes and dieting in a nationally representative cohort of U.S. emerging adults. Wave 5 (W5, 5th year of follow-up) respondents from the NEXT Generation Health Study were included (N = 2202, W5 age = 20.3 ± 0.02 years). Baseline and W5 BMI, W5 weight status (normal weight = 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25, overweight = 25 ≤ BMI < 30, obese = BMI ≥ 30), BMI change (W5-baseline BMI) and onset of overweight or obesity (OWOB) were calculated from self-reported height and weight. PFS (aggregate and 3 domain scores: food available, present, and tasted) and dieting for weight-loss were assessed at W5. Adjusted linear regressions estimated associations of PFS with W5 BMI and BMI change. Log-binomial regressions estimated associations of high W5 BMI (≥25), OWOB onset and dieting with PFS. Post hoc analyses estimated associations of PFS with W5 perceived weight status (overweight vs. about right or underweight). W5 BMI = 25.73 ± 0.32 kg/m(2), and OWOB onset occurred in 27.7% of participants. The PFS-food available score was associated with BMI change, β ± SE = 0.41 ± 0.19. Other PFS scores were not associated with weight outcomes. Dieting prevalence was higher in participants with high versus low W5 BMI (61% versus 32%), and was positively associated with all PFS scores except the PFS-food tasted score, e.g., relative risk (RR) of dieting for PFS-aggregate = 1.13, 95%CI [1.01-1.26]. Post-hoc analyses indicated perceived overweight was positively associated with PFS-food available, 1.12, [1.01-1.24], and PFS-food present, 1.13, [1.03-1.24]. PFS was positively related to dieting and perceived overweight, but not concurrent or change in weight status in a representative cohort of U.S. emerging adults.
在宽松的食物环境中，食物奖励敏感性可能会影响暴饮暴食的易感性，导致意外体重增加和刻意减肥行为。本研究在美国全国代表性的青年成人队列中，考察了通过食物力量量表（PFS）评估的食物奖励敏感性与体重结果及节食之间的关联。纳入了下一代健康研究第5波（W5，随访第5年）的受访者（N = 2202，W5年龄 = 20.3±0.02岁）。根据自我报告的身高和体重计算基线和W5时的体重指数（BMI）、W5时的体重状况（正常体重 = 18.5≤BMI＜25，超重 = 25≤BMI＜30，肥胖 = BMI≥30）、BMI变化（W5 - 基线BMI）以及超重或肥胖的起始情况（OWOB）。在W5时评估PFS（总分及3个领域得分：可得食物、眼前食物和品尝食物）以及为减肥而进行的节食情况。调整后的线性回归估计PFS与W5时BMI及BMI变化之间的关联。对数二项回归估计高W5时BMI（≥25）、OWOB起始情况以及节食与PFS之间的关联。事后分析估计PFS与W5时感知到的体重状况（超重与体重合适或体重过轻相比）之间的关联。W5时的BMI = 25.73±0.32kg/m²，27.7%的参与者出现了OWOB起始情况。PFS - 可得食物得分与BMI变化相关，β±SE = 0.41±0.19。其他PFS得分与体重结果无关。W5时BMI高的参与者节食患病率高于BMI低的参与者（61%对32%），并且与除PFS - 品尝食物得分之外的所有PFS得分呈正相关，例如，PFS总分对应的节食相对风险（RR） = 1.13，95%置信区间[1.01 - 1.26]。事后分析表明，感知到超重与PFS - 可得食物得分呈正相关，为1.12，[1.01 - 1.24]，与PFS - 眼前食物得分呈正相关，为1.13，[1.03 - 1.24]。在美国青年成人代表性队列中，PFS与节食及感知到的超重呈正相关，但与体重状况的当前情况或变化无关。
