Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Biomater Sci. 2020 Mar 3;8(5):1270-1278. doi: 10.1039/c9bm02057h.
In this research, an optimized phosphor combined with naturally green chlorophyll (Phosphor-Chlorophyll, denoted as Ph-chl) was designed for dual-modal luminescence-guided anti-tumor surgery and photodynamic therapy (PDT). A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the "low up-conversion luminescence (UCL) and short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) intensity" problem by coding the proportions of elements in the phosphor in order to find the optimal phosphor with enhanced red UCL emission and SWIR luminescence using Yb/Er in the core and Yb/Nd in the shell. Moreover, when phosphors with different emission light colors (blue and green) are combined with chlorophyll as the control, the results indicate that phosphors with red emission as the energy donor have high PDT efficiency to activate the chlorophyll for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Additionally, due to the enhanced penetration and retention (EPR) effect, the as-synthesized Ph-chl could be used for surgery navigation with a higher SWIR imaging effect focusing on cancer rather than normal tissues and paracancerous tissue. Thus, the high dual-modal luminescence guided surgery properties of the final optimized phosphor will promote its further use in minimally-invasive endoscopic clinical surgery navigation.
在这项研究中，设计了一种优化的荧光粉与天然绿色叶绿素相结合（荧光粉-叶绿素，记为 Ph-chl），用于双模式发光引导抗肿瘤手术和光动力疗法（PDT）。遗传算法（GA）通过对荧光粉中元素比例进行编码来解决“低上转换发光（UCL）和短波红外（SWIR）强度”问题，从而找到具有增强红色 UCL 发射和 SWIR 发光的最佳荧光粉，其方法是在核中使用 Yb/Er，在壳中使用 Yb/Nd。此外，当使用不同发射光颜色（蓝色和绿色）的荧光粉与叶绿素作为对照组合时，结果表明，以红色发射作为能量供体的荧光粉具有很高的 PDT 效率，可激活叶绿素产生活性氧（ROS）。此外，由于增强的渗透和保留（EPR）效应，合成的 Ph-chl 可用于手术导航，具有更高的 SWIR 成像效果，重点关注癌症而不是正常组织和癌旁组织。因此，最终优化的荧光粉的高光双模式发光引导手术特性将促进其在微创内窥镜临床手术导航中的进一步应用。
