Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan.
Psychol Assess. 2020 May;32(5):493-508. doi: 10.1037/pas0000807. Epub 2020 Feb 17.
The present study examined the assessment of protective factors and their linkages to treatment change, institutional and community recidivism, and positive community outcomes in a high-risk treated sample of violent male offenders. Participants included 178 federally incarcerated adult male violent offenders who participated in a high-intensity violence reduction program and were followed up 10 years postrelease in the community. A collection of risk- and protective-factor measures were rated archivally at multiple time points-the Violence Risk Scale (Wong & Gordon, 1999-2003), Historical Clinical Risk Management-20 (Version 2; Webster, Douglas, Eaves, & Hart, 1997), Structured Assessment of Protective Factors (SAPROF; De Vogel, De Ruiter, Bouman, & De Vries Robbé, 2009), and Protective Factors (PF) List. Measures of community and institutional recidivism and positive community outcomes were coded. Large correlations were observed between risk and protection scores, suggesting shared risk variance. The SAPROF and PF List each predicted decreased community recidivism and, to a lesser degree, decreased institutional recidivism. Positive changes in protective factors were significantly associated with reductions in violent and general community recidivism and serious institutional misconducts after controlling for baseline scores. In addition, risk and protection scores significantly predicted most positive community outcomes; improvements in protective factors were linked to an increase in positive outcomes. Protective factors are more than the inverse of risk factors and might have important benefits in violence risk assessment and treatment planning when other positive community outcomes are considered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了保护因素的评估及其与治疗变化、机构和社区累犯以及高危治疗样本中暴力男性罪犯的积极社区结果之间的联系。参与者包括 178 名联邦监禁的成年男性暴力罪犯，他们参加了高强度减少暴力的项目，并在社区中进行了 10 年的随访。在多个时间点上对风险和保护因素的一整套措施进行了档案评估——暴力风险量表（Wong & Gordon，1999-2003）、历史临床风险管理-20（第 2 版；Webster、Douglas、Eaves 和 Hart，1997）、结构化保护因素评估（SAPROF；De Vogel、De Ruiter、Bouman 和 De Vries Robbé，2009）和保护因素（PF）列表。对社区和机构累犯以及积极的社区结果进行了编码。风险和保护评分之间观察到了较大的相关性，表明存在共同的风险差异。SAPROF 和 PF 列表都预测了社区累犯的减少，并且在一定程度上预测了机构累犯的减少。在控制基线评分的情况下，保护因素的积极变化与暴力和一般社区累犯以及严重机构不当行为的减少显著相关。此外，风险和保护评分显著预测了大多数积极的社区结果；保护因素的改善与积极结果的增加有关。保护因素不仅仅是风险因素的反面，当考虑到其他积极的社区结果时，它们在暴力风险评估和治疗计划中可能具有重要意义。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
