Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
ACS Nano. 2020 Mar 24;14(3):3546-3562. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09871. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
Photothermal treatment (PTT) involving a combination of therapeutic modalities recently emerged as an efficient alternative for combating biofilm. However, PTT-related local high temperature may destroy the surrounding healthy tissues. Herein, we present an all-in-one phototherapeutic nanoplatform consisting of l-arginine (l-Arg), indocyanine green (ICG), and mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA), namely, AI-MPDA, to eliminate the already-formed biofilm. The fabrication process included surface modification of MPDA with l-Arg and further adsorption of ICG π-π stacking. Under near-infrared (NIR) exposure, AI-MPDA not only generated heat but also produced reactive oxygen species, causing a cascade catalysis of l-Arg to release nitric oxide (NO). Under NIR irradiation, biofilm elimination was attributed to the NO-enhanced photodynamic therapy and low-temperature PTT (≤45 °C). Notably, the NIR-triggered all-in-one strategy resulted in severe destruction of bacterial membranes. The phototherapeutic AI-MPDA also displayed good cytocompatibility. NIR-irradiated AI-MPDA nanoparticles not only prevented bacterial colonization but also realized a rapid recovery of infected wounds. More importantly, the all-in-one phototherapeutic platform displayed effective biofilm elimination with an efficiency of around 100% in a abscess formation model. Overall, this low-temperature phototherapeutic platform provides a reliable tool for combating already-formed biofilms in clinical applications.
光热治疗（PTT）结合多种治疗方式，最近成为一种对抗生物膜的有效替代方法。然而，PTT 相关的局部高温可能会破坏周围的健康组织。在此，我们提出了一种由 l-精氨酸（l-Arg）、吲哚菁绿（ICG）和介孔聚多巴胺（MPDA）组成的一体化光疗纳米平台，即 AI-MPDA，用于消除已形成的生物膜。制备过程包括用 l-Arg 对 MPDA 进行表面改性，然后进一步吸附 ICG 的π-π 堆积。在近红外（NIR）照射下，AI-MPDA 不仅产生热量，还产生活性氧物种，引发 l-Arg 释放一氧化氮（NO）的级联催化。在 NIR 照射下，生物膜的消除归因于 NO 增强的光动力治疗和低温 PTT（≤45°C）。值得注意的是，NIR 触发的一体化策略导致细菌膜严重破坏。光疗 AI-MPDA 还表现出良好的细胞相容性。NIR 照射的 AI-MPDA 纳米粒子不仅可以防止细菌定植，而且可以实现感染伤口的快速恢复。更重要的是，一体化光疗平台在脓肿形成模型中显示出有效的生物膜消除效率，接近 100%。总的来说，这种低温光疗平台为临床应用中对抗已形成的生物膜提供了一种可靠的工具。
