Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, (IBBA-CNR), Pisa, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Italy; Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Italy.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020 Apr;149:170-177. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.014. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
With the aim to investigate the mechanisms of action of nano plastics (nano PS) on plants, seeds of Allium cepa were germinated for 72 h in the presence of polystyrene nano PS (50 nm size, at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 g L) and, subsequently, roots were analysed by a multifaceted approach. No effect was induced by any concentration of nano PS on the percentage of seed germination while root growth was inhibited by 0.1 and 1 g L nano PS. Cytological analysis of the root meristems indicated cytotoxicity (reduction of mitotic index) and genotoxicity (induction of cytogenetic anomalies and micronuclei) starting from the lowest dose. Moreover, the biochemical and histochemical analysis of oxidative stress markers gave evidence of stress induction, especially at the highest doses. Damages reported could be due to mechanical surface contact in root external layers, as evidenced by histological localization, and to the internalization of nano PS in different cellular compartments, observed under TEM. The present research underlines the hazardous nature of nano PS, that for their ability to be internalized into crop plants, can enter into different trophic levels of the food chain.
为了研究纳米塑料（nano PS）对植物作用的机制，将洋葱（Allium cepa）种子在含有聚苯乙烯纳米 PS（50nm 大小，浓度为 0.01、0.1 和 1g/L）的条件下培养 72 小时，然后通过多方面的方法分析根。纳米 PS 的任何浓度都不会影响种子的发芽率，而 0.1 和 1g/L 的纳米 PS 会抑制根的生长。根尖分生组织的细胞学分析表明，从最低剂量开始就具有细胞毒性（降低有丝分裂指数）和遗传毒性（诱导细胞遗传学异常和微核）。此外，对氧化应激标志物的生化和组织化学分析表明，尤其是在最高剂量下，会引起应激。报告的损伤可能是由于根外层的机械表面接触造成的，这可以通过组织学定位来证明，也可能是由于纳米 PS 被内化到不同的细胞区室中，这是在 TEM 下观察到的。本研究强调了纳米 PS 的危害性，因为它们能够被作物植物内化，从而进入食物链的不同营养级。
