女性青少年健康需求及其决定因素。
Female adolescent health needs and determinants.
机构信息
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
出版信息
JBRA Assist Reprod. 2020 May 1;24(2):158-162. doi: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200011.
OBJECTIVE
Adolescence is a critical developmental period with characteristic health risks and needs. Assessing adolescent health needs helps to improve the planning and implementation of effective interventions. This study aimed to describe the health needs and determinants of female adolescents.
METHODS
This analytical descriptive study included 850 female students. The sampling method was multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected from a questionnaire consisting of two parts, the first probing into socio-demographic matters and the second into respondent health needs. Data analysis was performed via the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson correlation coefficients.
RESULTS
The results showed that individuals attending private high schools not living with their parents had higher health needs than other students. Students with older fathers - particularly fathers aged 50+ years - had increased health needs. Psycho-emotional care topped the list of health needs, whereas services in the field of spiritual belief were in last place.
CONCLUSION
Our study found that the most important factors related to healthcare needs were level of education, type of school (private vs. public), and living with parents. The results of this study can be useful in designing and implementing interventions to prevent high-risk behaviors and promote adolescent health.
目的
青春期是一个具有独特健康风险和需求的关键发展时期。评估青少年的健康需求有助于改善有效干预措施的规划和实施。本研究旨在描述女青少年的健康需求和决定因素。
方法
本分析性描述性研究纳入了 850 名女性学生。采用多阶段聚类抽样法进行抽样。数据来自一份包含两部分的问卷收集，第一部分探究社会人口统计学问题，第二部分探究受访者的健康需求。通过 Mann-Whitney 和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验以及 Mann-Whitney、Kruskal-Wallis 和 Pearson 相关系数进行数据分析。
结果
结果表明，就读私立高中而非与父母同住的个体比其他学生有更高的健康需求。父亲年龄较大（尤其是 50 岁以上）的学生健康需求增加。精神情感关怀位居健康需求之首，而精神信仰领域的服务则处于最后一位。
结论
本研究发现，与医疗保健需求最相关的因素是教育程度、学校类型（私立与公立）和与父母同住。本研究结果可用于设计和实施干预措施，以预防高风险行为并促进青少年健康。
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