ENT Department, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Roma, Italy .
ENT Department, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2020 Feb 17;91(1-S):60-64. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1-S.9260.
Foreign bodies in pediatric age represent an extremely frequent pathological condition and can undergo fearsome complications. Within the ENT area, foreign bodies in the pediatric age can be found in various districts such as external auditory canal, nasal passages, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and trachea. They can be various and shape; generally, the main ones are buttons, beads, small parts of toys, caps of pens, pebbles, fragments of food bolus and others. As described in the literature, the main localizations are the external auditory canal and nasal cavities. Laryngeal and tracheal localization is infrequent but can be fatal. The aspiration of foreign bodies, mainly small parts of toys, occurs more frequently under three years age and mainly-especially in males. The experience of the ENT Department of the San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital in Rome, in the period between January 2007 and December 2018, consists a total of 1443 patients, aged between 0 and 14, who arrived in the emergency room with a foreign body diagnosis; of these, 613 (42.5%) were found with foreign body in the external auditory canal, 458 (31.7%) in nasal fossa, 298 (20.5%) in pharynx, 64 (4.4%) in oropharynx, and 10 (0.7%) in larynx and trachea. Treatment was in 1255 (87%) removal in the emergency room and home discharge, 79 (5.4%) with outpatient discharge, 40 (2.7%) need for hospitalization and surgery, 64 (4.4 %) refusal of hospitalization and 1 case (0.07%) died in the emergency room.
儿童期的异物是一种极其常见的病理状况，可能会引发严重的并发症。在耳鼻喉科领域，儿童期的异物可存在于外耳道、鼻腔、口腔、咽部、喉部和气管等多个部位。它们的种类和形状多种多样；一般来说，主要的有纽扣、珠子、玩具的小零件、笔帽、石头、食物团块的碎片等。正如文献所述，主要的定位部位是外耳道和鼻腔。喉部和气管的定位虽然不常见，但可能是致命的。异物的吸入，主要是玩具的小零件，更多地发生在三岁以下的儿童中，特别是男性。罗马圣卡米洛-福拉尼尼医院耳鼻喉科在 2007 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月期间的经验包括 1443 名年龄在 0 至 14 岁之间的患者，他们因异物诊断而到达急诊室；其中，613 例（42.5%）在外耳道发现异物，458 例（31.7%）在鼻腔，298 例（20.5%）在咽部，64 例（4.4%）在口咽，10 例（0.7%）在喉和气管。治疗方法为 1255 例（87%）在急诊室取出并出院回家，79 例（5.4%）门诊出院，40 例（2.7%）需要住院和手术，64 例（4.4%）拒绝住院，1 例（0.07%）在急诊室死亡。
