儿科患者的光学相干断层扫描：临床综述
Optical coherence tomography in pediatric patients: a clinical review.
作者信息
Gundlach Bradley S, Tsui Irena
机构信息
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Retina Division, Stein Eye Institute and Doheny Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
出版信息
Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2020 Feb 5;12:2515841420904612. doi: 10.1177/2515841420904612. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.
Optical coherence tomography has improved the ophthalmic clinical examination due to its ability to more accurately characterize pathology of the eye. Optical coherence tomography is now an integral imaging modality for many adult diseases of the retina and is a ubiquitous part of a retinal practice. However, although its use in adults is well recognized, the adoption of optical coherence tomography in pediatric patients may be undervalued as macular diseases in children are relatively uncommon. Recent technological advancements have made optical coherence tomography scans quicker and more precise, generating normative data and leading to more widespread use in children. In this review article, we discuss how pediatric optical coherence tomography data can be used to understand normal development, as well as diagnose and monitor retinal disease. In particular, we highlight clinical optical coherence tomography findings of several pediatric retinal conditions, including retinopathy of prematurity, congenital infections, retinal dystrophies, and phakomatoses such as neurofibromatosis.
光学相干断层扫描技术因其能够更准确地描述眼部病变，改善了眼科临床检查。如今，光学相干断层扫描已成为许多成人视网膜疾病不可或缺的成像方式，也是视网膜诊疗中普遍采用的手段。然而，尽管其在成人中的应用已得到广泛认可，但由于儿童黄斑疾病相对少见，光学相干断层扫描在儿科患者中的应用价值可能被低估。最近的技术进步使光学相干断层扫描更快、更精确，生成了正常数据，并促使其在儿童中得到更广泛的应用。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了儿科光学相干断层扫描数据如何用于了解正常发育，以及诊断和监测视网膜疾病。特别是，我们重点介绍了几种儿科视网膜疾病的临床光学相干断层扫描结果，包括早产儿视网膜病变、先天性感染、视网膜营养不良，以及诸如神经纤维瘤病等错构瘤病。
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