Narang Puneet, Madigan Katelyn, Sarai Simrat, Lippmann Steven
Dr. Narang is with the University of Minnesota and Regions Hospital, Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Ms. Madigan is with the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Innov Clin Neurosci. 2019 Sep 1;16(9-10):33-35.
Children who are inadequately treated for depression often experience greater dysfunction. Problems can include conduct disorders, substance abuse, physical illness, and poor performance at school, work, or in psychosocial contexts. Depression can lead to a greater risk of suicide. Suicide is the third most common cause of death among adolescents, with more than 500,000 attempts made by children each year. Suicide is the third most frequent cause of death among young people ages 10 to 19 years old. Thus, proper treatment is important. Major depressive disorder in adolescents is often followed by frequent recurrences in adulthood. Imaging studies document underactivity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in subjects suffering from depression. Activation of the brain with high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation increases neuronal excitability and induces the growth of new connections. Though larger, randomized, controlled trials with more patients and longer follow-up are needed, the favorable side effect profile and efficacy of TMS seen so far in the literature support the use of TMS as a therapeutic intervention in children and adolescents with depression.
抑郁症治疗不充分的儿童往往会出现更严重的功能障碍。问题可能包括品行障碍、药物滥用、身体疾病以及在学校、工作或社会心理环境中的表现不佳。抑郁症会导致更高的自杀风险。自杀是青少年中第三大常见死因，每年有超过50万名儿童尝试自杀。自杀是10至19岁年轻人中第三大常见死因。因此，恰当的治疗很重要。青少年重度抑郁症在成年后常常会频繁复发。影像学研究表明，抑郁症患者左侧背外侧前额叶皮质活动不足。高频经颅磁刺激激活大脑会增加神经元兴奋性并诱导新连接的生长。尽管需要进行更大规模、有更多患者参与且随访时间更长的随机对照试验，但迄今为止文献中所显示的经颅磁刺激良好的副作用特征和疗效支持将其作为治疗儿童和青少年抑郁症的一种干预手段。
