Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Feb 21;20(1):261. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8344-2.
While a dose-response relationship between physical activity and risk of diabetes has been demonstrated, few studies have assessed the relative importance of different measures of physical activity on diabetes risk. The aim was to examine the association between different self-reported measures of physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in a prospective cohort study.
Out of 26,615 adults (45-74 years, 60% women) in the population-based Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort, 3791 type 2 diabetes cases were identified from registers during 17 years of follow-up. Leisure-time (17 activities), occupational and domestic physical activity were assessed through a questionnaire, and these and total physical activity were investigated in relation to type 2 diabetes risk.
All physical activity measures showed weak to modest associations with type 2 diabetes risk. The strongest association was found in the lower end of leisure-time physical activity in dose-response analysis at levels approximately below 22 MET-hrs/week (300 min/week) representing around 40% of the population. Compared with the lowest quintile, the moderate leisure-time physical activity category had a 28% (95% CI: 0.71, 0.87) decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Total physical activity showed a similar, but weaker, association with diabetes risk as to that of leisure-time physical activity. Domestic physical activity was positively and linearly related to diabetes risk, HR = 1.11 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.25) comparing highest to lowest quintile. There was no association between occupational physical activity and diabetes risk.
A curvilinear association was observed between leisure-time physical activity and risk of diabetes. Beyond a threshold level of approximately 22 MET-hrs/week or 300 min/week, no additional risk reduction was observed with increase in physical activity.
虽然已经证明了体力活动与糖尿病风险之间存在剂量反应关系，但很少有研究评估不同体力活动测量指标对糖尿病风险的相对重要性。本研究旨在通过一项前瞻性队列研究，检验不同自我报告的体力活动测量指标与 2 型糖尿病风险之间的关系。
在基于人群的瑞典马尔默饮食与癌症研究队列中，共纳入 26615 名成年人（45-74 岁，60%为女性），在 17 年的随访期间，通过登记册发现 3791 例 2 型糖尿病病例。通过问卷评估了休闲时间（17 项活动）、职业和家务体力活动，并且研究了这些活动以及总体力活动与 2 型糖尿病风险之间的关系。
所有体力活动测量指标与 2 型糖尿病风险均显示出弱到中度的关联。在剂量反应分析中，休闲时间体力活动处于较低水平时（大约低于 22 MET-hrs/周（300 分钟/周）），与 2 型糖尿病风险的关联最强，代表了约 40%的人群。与最低五分位相比，中等强度的休闲时间体力活动类别可使 2 型糖尿病风险降低 28%（95%CI：0.71，0.87）。总体力活动与糖尿病风险的相关性相似，但较弱，与休闲时间体力活动相似。家务体力活动与糖尿病风险呈正相关且线性相关，最高五分位与最低五分位相比，HR=1.11（95%CI：0.99，1.25）。职业体力活动与糖尿病风险无关。
观察到休闲时间体力活动与糖尿病风险之间呈曲线关系。超过大约 22 MET-hrs/周或 300 分钟/周的阈值水平后，体力活动的增加不会带来额外的风险降低。
